Elbow & Cubital Fossa

Question 1

Answer 1

A - musculocutaneous nerve
B - median nerve
C - axillary nerve
D - ulnar nerve

Question 2

Anterior Section of upper arm:
nerve supply? [1]
what movement does it cause? [1]

poster Section of upper arm:
nerve supply? [1]
what movement does it cause? [1]

Answer 2

Anterior Compartment:

• musculocutaneous nerve
• shoulder and elbow flexors

Posterior Compartment

• radial nerve
• shoulder and elbow extensors

Question 3

what are muscles of the anterior comparment of arm? [3]

which is most superficial?

Answer 3

BBC !! Bicep brachii, Brachialis & Coracobrachialis

order:
- superficial: bicep brachii

(C5,C6, C7 - musculocutenous nerve)

Question 4

what is 1 & 2?

Answer 4

2 coracobrachialis
1. brachialis

Question 5

which is this muscle?

Answer 5

bicep brachii

Question 6

what muscle is this

Answer 6

brachialis

Question 7

brachialis

attachment points? [2]
movements? [1]

Answer 7

brachialis:

• anterior aspect of elbow joint. distal humerus –> **coronoid pross of ulna
• flexes elbow in all positions**

Question 8

coracobrachialis

attachment points? [2]
movements? [2]

Answer 8

• corocoid proces of scapula to humerus
• only acts on shoulder joint: flexes and adducts shoulder
• resists dislocation

Question 9

Bicep brachii

Where do the 2 heads of the bicep brachii attach? [2]

The two heads join together and attach onto which bone? [1]

Describe the movements of the bicep brachii muscle [2]

Answer 9

Location of 2 heads:
- short head - found medially. attaches to **corocoid process **
- long head - found laterally (L4L) attaches to supraglenoid tubercle

Join together to form one muscle, together inserts onto radius at the radial tuborisity

movements:
- powerful supinator
- flexor and shoulder and elbow

Question 10

which muscles are used to flex your forarm when:

a) pronated
b) supinated

Answer 10

pronated forearm - brachialis used to flex elbow joint

supinated forarm - brachiali and bicep brachii flex elbow joints

Question 11

Answer 11

ruptured one of bicep brachii tendons -> causes muscles to bunch and shoot down arm

Question 12

musculocutaneous nerve

what does it innervate? [2]

Answer 12

musculocutaneous nerve

• provides motor innervation for anterior compartment of upper arm
  THEN
• at elbow onwards, provides sensory innervation for lateral skin of foreram: becomes lateral cuteanous nerve of the forearm

Question 13

Tricep brachii

What are the three heads of the tricep brachii? [3]

Where does the tricep brachii insert inferiorly [1]

Which movements does tricep brachii permit? [2]

Which nerve is the tricep brachii innervated by? [1]

Answer 13

Heads:
* long head - passes over shoulder joint
* lateral head
* medial head

Insertion:
* Join together to form one common muscle: tendon inserts on olecranon process of elbow (pointy bit)

Movements:
- extend elbow
- weak shoulder extensor

Innervation:
* radial nerve

Question 14

where do u find the radial nerve in relation to tere minor, teres major, and tricep muscles?

Answer 14

in the triangular interval

Question 15

which nerve is vulnerable to mid-humeral shaft fracture?

• Muscularcutaneous
• axillary
• median
• radial
• ulnar nerve

Answer 15

which nerve is vulnerable to mid-humeral shaft fracture?

• Muscularcutaneous
• axillary
• median
• *- radial**
• ulnar nerve

Question 16

describe the paths of the radial and ulnar nerves xox

Answer 16

radial nerve
-runs in posterior compartment of upper arm
THEN
- reaches intermuscular septum & from here runs anterior to lateral epicondyle at the eblow

ulnar nerve
-runs in anterior compartment of upper arm
THEN
- reaches intermuscular septum & from here runs posterior to medial epicondyle at the elbow

Question 17

Describe path of the median nerve [2]

Answer 17

• Rruns in anterior compartment of upper arm
• Crosses over the anterior aspect of the elbow to enter anterior compartment of the forearm

Question 18

Answer 18

A: short head of bicep brachii
B: radial nerve
C: brachial artery
D: tricep (long head)
E: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 19

What are the 3 joints of the elbow?

Answer 19

Ulnohumeral joint is where movement between the ulna and humerus occurs.

Radio humeral joint is where movement between the radius and humerus occurs.

Proximal radioulnar joint is where movement between the radius and ulna occurs

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

capitulum articulates with which bone? [1]
trochlea articualtes with which bone? [1]

Answer 21

capitulum articulates with which bone? [1]
- radius

trochlea articualtes with which bone? [1]
- ulnar

Question 22

which is the stablilisng bone of the forearm? [1]

which is the moblile bone of the forearm?[1]

Answer 22

which is the stablilisng bone of the forearm? [1]
- ulnar

which is the moblile bone of the forearm?[1]
- radius

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

State which ligaments are found around the elbow joint [2]

Which movements do they help cause movement of? [1]

Answer 24

Ligaments:
- annular ligament
- radial collateral ligament
- ulnar collateral ligaments

together reinforce hinge movement

Question 25

Describe the role of the:
annular ligament [1]

Which joint does it help to create? [1]

Which movements does this joint allow? [2]

Answer 25

Annular ligament: encircles the head of the radius and keeps in the radial notch of the ulnar: creates proximal radioulnar joint

Permits:pronation and supination of the formarm

Question 26

which ligament is commonly torn in young girls?

Ulnohumeral joint
Radio humeral joint
Proximal radioulnar joint

why?

Answer 26

which ligament is commonly torn in young girls?

Ulnohumeral joint
Radio humeral joint
Proximal radioulnar joint

bc annular ligament if loosely attached to the ulnar in infants

Question 27

which muscles are used for pronation & supination?

Answer 27

Question 28

which muscles are used for flexion and extension of elbow joint?

Answer 28

Question 29

what is the cubital fossa?

Answer 29

The cubital fossa refers to the anterior depression in front of your elbow joint

Question 30

what are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

Answer 30

Boundaries of the cubital fossa:

• superior border: line from the lateral to the medial epicondyle
• flexor muscles of the forearm and the bracioradialias acting as borders also.

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

Answer 32

Question 33

Answer 33

median nerve !