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Locomotor > Histology of Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Histology of Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

what are clusters of specialised elongated cells that have a primary role of contraction called? [1]

what are two muscle filament types? [2]

what are the two principle types of muscle? [2]

A

what are clusters of specialised elongated cells that have a primary role of contraction called? [1]
myofilaments

what are two muscle filament types? [2]
thin filaments: actin
thick filaments: myosin

what are the two principle types of muscle? [2]

  • *striated**
  • *smooth muscle**
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2
Q

what are the three types of striated muscle? (based on location) [3]

A

what are the three types of striated muscle? (based on location) [3]

skeletal muscle

visceral striated muscle: identical to skeletal muscle but restricted to soft tissue such as tongue, pharnyx, lumbar part of diaphragm

cardiac muscle

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3
Q

skeletal muscle:

  • each cell is called what? [1]
  • what is its nucleation like? [1]
  • how is it formed?
A

skeletal muscle:

  • each cell is called: muscle fibre
  • what is its nucleation like: multinucleated syncytium - many peripheral nuclei
  • how is it formed: fusion of small, indivuadual muscle cells called myoblasts
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4
Q

skeletal muscle:

  • WHAT surrounds individual fibres and bundle? [1]
  • what does ^ form at the end of the muscle to attach to bone? [1]
A

skeletal muscle:

  • CT surrounds individual fibres and bundle?
  • CT forms fascia at the end of the muscle to attach to bone [1]
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5
Q

what are the three different layers of CT found in skeletal muscle? [3]
explain basic structure

A

what are the three different layers of CT found in skeletal muscle? [3]

  • endomysium: around each individual fibre. small BV and neuronal brances in parralel

- perimysium: thicker CT around group of fibres (bundle or fasicle). large BV travel through

- epimysium: DCT around whole muscle - vascular and nerve supply penetrates

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6
Q
A
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7
Q

whats going on here?

A

skeletal muscle –> tendon

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8
Q

what are three types of skeletal muscle? [3]
what do they contain / not contain?

A

what are three types of skeletal muscle? [3]

  • slow type I: large amount of myoglobin and mitochondria. high endurance

- intermediate type IIa: many mitochondrian & myoglobin. large glycogen 4 anaerobic glycolysis. medium distance runners

  • fast type IIb: less myo & mito. high anaerobic . high glycogen: sprinters and weight lifers
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9
Q

how do you stain fast. intermediate . slow muscle fibres? [1]

A

how do you stain fast. intermediate . slow muscle fibres? [1]

use NADH-TR (not H&E) !!

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10
Q

how do fast. intermediate . slow muscle fibres appaear histologically? [3]

A

slow: dark
intermediate: fast
fast: light

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11
Q

a muscle fibre is filled with WHAT? [1]

what is make up of this ^? [2]

A

a muscle fibre is filled with myofibrils [1]

made from polymers of myosin (thick) & actin (thin) filaments

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12
Q

a sarcomere is distance between which lines?

A

A sarcomere is defined as the distance between the Z-lines.

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

skelela fibres are richly innervated by which type of neurons? [1]
what is the name of the junction of ^? [1]

A

skelela fibres are richly innervated by motor neurons
junction name: neuromuscular junction

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15
Q

developing muscle contains two types of myoblast - what are they? [2]

A

early myoblast: form the primary myotubules betwen tendons and developing muscle. primary myotubules differentiate into mature muscle fibres

laye myoblast: give rise to secondary myotubes near the innervated zone of developing muscle, where myotubes have direct contact with nerve terminals

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16
Q

what are the cells called that are responsible for the ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate? [1]

where found? [1]

activated by? [1]

* give rise to ? *

A

what are the cells called that are responsible for the ability of skelelat muscle to regenerate: satellite cells

where found: between plasma membrane of muscle fibre and external lamina

activated by: injury

give rise to: myoblasts !!

17
Q

what are the different ways skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle developem, repair, heal and renew?

A

what are the different ways skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle developem, repair, heal and renew?

skeletal muscle: stem cells (satellite): add to muscle fibres to increase size: hypertrophy. can replaced damaged cells if BM is in tact

SM: cells can hypertrophy and division can occur.

cardiac muscle: hypertrophy - but no stem cells and no cell division, no regen: fibrocollagenous scar replaces muscle

18
Q

what is a, b c?

A

A = skeletal muscle

B = smooth muscle

C = cardiac muscle

19
Q

what is unique about cardiac muscle? [2]

what is orientation like?

A

what is unique about cardiac muscle? [2]
nuclei centre in middle
intercalalted discs

orientation:
branched fibres

21
Q

what is smooth muscle cells like?

A

elongated cells.
lack straited patterns
cells connected by gap junctions
nuclei centrally located

22
Q

what is smooth muscle cytoskeleton made from?

in smooth muscle - where do you find the thick[1] and thin filaments? [1]

A

what is smooth muscle cytoskeleton made from?
intermediate filaments running obliquely. connected by dense bodies

where do you find the thick[1] and thin filaments? [1]

  • *thick:** scattered throughout sarcoplasm of cell
  • *thin:** attached to dense bodies
23
Q

which, out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has more T tubules ?

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

A

which, out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has more T tubules ?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

24
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has no regeneration?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has no regeneration?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

25
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has no z disks?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has no z disks?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

26
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has two muscle layers?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has two muscle layers?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth - circ and long

27
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle is multinucleate?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle is multinucleate?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

28
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has z disks?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has z disks?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

29
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has calmodulin?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has calmodulin?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

30
Q

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has troponin? [2]

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

A

which out of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle has troponin?

skeletal
cardiac
​smooth

Locomotor (30 decks)

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