Joints xo Flashcards
fibrous joints:
held together by what? [1]
how much movement? [1]
fibrous joints:
held together by what? [1]
fibrous CT
how much movement? [1]
little or no movement
what is a synostosis fibrous joint? [1]
whats a bone with an example of a synostosis joint? [1]
what is a syndemosis fibrous joint? [1]
whats a bone with an example of where find a syndemosis joint? [1]
what is a gomphosis fibrous joint? [1]
whats a bone with an example of where find a gomphosis joint? [1]
what is a synostosis fibrous joint? [1]
At some sutures, the connective tissue will ossify and be converted into bone, causing the adjacent bones to fuse to each other (and make one big bone)
whats a bone with an example of a synostosis joint? [1]
frontal bone
what is a syndemosis fibrous joint? [1]
sheet of fibrous tissue between bones = interosseous membrane
whats a bone with an example of where find a syndemosis joint? [1]
between radius and ulnar / between tibia and fibula
what is a gomphosis fibrous joint? [1]
cone shaped peg fits into a socket
whats a bone with an example of where find a gomphosis joint? [1]
teeth
what are fonatelles? why do they exist?
Babies have much wider/expansive sutures: fonatelles
- anterior fontanelle found between two parts of frontal bone.
- this helps with post-natal growth of the skull and allows the brain to grow/expand, and also helps head deformity during birth. Can measure intercranial pressure, will bulge if pressure in skull has increased
what type of cartilage are cartilaginous joints made from? [2]
How does this influence how the joints are named? [2]
what type of cartilage are cartilaginous joints made from? [2]
- **fibrocart
- hyaline cart**
fibrocartilaginous joints = symphysis joints
hyaline cart. joints = syndrondosis joints
two locations of synchrondosis cart joints? [2]
two locations of synchrondosis cart joints? [2]
epiphyseal growth plate
costochondrial joint
what is it called when you inject contrast dye into a joint space to see joint space and bursa?
what are bursae? / role? [1]
what is it called when you inject contrast dye into a joint space to see joint space and bursa?
arthrogram
what are bursae?
small fluid filled sca that reduce friction between moving parts in your bodys joints
(Biggest joint in the body is the knee joint, and has lots of joint bursae surround it (second image on right). The bursae go up behind the quadriceps (infrapatellar bursa) and pushes in and protect the quadriceps as they flex and extend the knee to stop the quadriceps rubbing on the femur. Extensions also seen in the popliteal fossa)
what does hyaline cartliage feel like?
how does this help it function?
-
what does hyaline cartliage feel like?
Smooth, slippery and very low coefficient of friction -
how does this help it function?
Elastic, resilient structure that acts as a shock absorber to protect underlying bone. Every time you move, bone would be damaged without articular cartilage to protect the bone
which end is the articular surface? [1]
which end is the deep / ossified zone? [1]
ligaments connect WHAT? [1]
role? [1]
what are articular discs aka?
role? [2]
ligaments connect bone to bone!!! [1]
role? [1]
stabilise and hold joint together
what are articular discs aka: menisci
role? [2]
maintain stability;
direct flow of synovial fluid towards areas of greatest friction
articular capsule:
role? [1]
what are the two layers? [2]
articular capsule:
role? [1]
encloses synovial cavity - unites articulating bones
what are the two layers? [2]
- *outer fibrous capsule**
- *inner synovial membrane (**secretes lubricating joint and synovial fluid)
what is osteoarthiritis caused by? [1]
what is osteoarthiritis characterised by / causes pain? [1]
what is osteoarthiritis caused by? [1]
degeneration of the articular capsule
what is osteoarthiritis characterised by / causes pain? [1]
osteophytes can stretch the articular capsule
what type of movement does planar joint allow? [1]
give an example of where find one [1]
what type of movement does planar joint allow? [1]
side to side, back and forth gliding
give an example of where find one [1]
intercarpals, intertarsals, facet joints of vertebral column
what type of movement does hinge joint allow? [1]
give an example of where find one [1]
what type of movement does hinge joint allow? [1]
flexion and extension in single plane
give an example of where find one [1]
elbow, knee, PIP, DIPS
what type of movement does ellipsoid joint allow? [3]
give an example of where find one [1]
what type of movement does ellipsoid joint allow? [1]
oval shaped condyle of one bone fits into ellipitcal cavity of another bone
flexion-extension
abduction-adduction
circumduction
give an example of where find one [1]
MCP
radial-carpal (wrist)
