Neurology - Craniosyntosis

Question 1

What is craniosyntosis?

Answer 1

Skull sutures close prematurely

Causes abnormal head shapes and restriction of growth of brain

Question 2

What does craniosyntosis lead to if untreated?

Answer 2

Raised ICP
- Developmental delay
- Cognitive impairment
- Vomiting
- Irritability
- Visual impairment
- Neurological symptoms
- Seziures

Question 3

What shape does each syntosis lead to?
Sagittal
Coronal
Metopic
Lambdoid

Answer 3

Sagittal
Long and narrow- front to back

Coronal
Bulging on one side of the forehead

Metopic
Pointy triangular forehead

Lambdoid
Flattening on one side of occiput

Question 4

What other presenting features are there in craniosyntosis?

Answer 4

Anterior fontanelle closed before 1 year

Small head in proportion to body

Question 5

What investigations are used for craniosyntosis?

Answer 5

First line
Skull xray

CT head with bone views used to confirm diagnosis or exclude if doubt on xray

Question 6

How is craniosyntosis managed?

Answer 6

Mild cases are monitored and followed up

Severe cases require surgery for surgical reconstruction of the skull

Good prognosis with proper management