ID - Vaccinations Flashcards
What are inactivated vaccines and give examples?
Person receives dead version of the pathogen
They are unable to cause infection and safe for immunocompromised patients
Polio
Flu vaccine
Hepatitis A
Rabies
What is the downside of inactivated vaccine use?
May not have an adequate response
What are subunit and conjugate vaccines?
Vaccines that only contain antigens to stimulate immune response
Unable to cause infection
Safe for immunocompromised patients
- Pneumococcus
- Meningococcus
- Hepatitis B
- Pertussis (whooping cough)
- HIB
- HPV
- Shingles
What are live attenuated vaccines?
Contains weakened version of the pathogen
Still capable of causing infection
Not safe in immunocompromised
- MMR
- BCG
- Chickenpox
- Nasal influenza
- Rotavirus
What are toxin vaccines?
Contains toxin produced by pathogen
Immunity to toxin and not the pathogen
e.g. Diphtheria and tetanus vaccines
What is the UK vaccination schedule?
Why is the HPV vaccine given at 12-13 years old?
Given before children become sexually active
To prevent contracting and spreading HPV
What is the current NHS HPV vaccine?
Gardasil
Protects against HPV strains, 6, 11, 16 and 18
What do the different HPV strains cause?
6 and 11 - Genital warts
16 and 18 - Cervical cancer
Why can parents get upset about being given then HPV vaccine?
Implies their child is sexually active or close to it
Need to focus on the vaccine being given before sexual activity and it protects against cervical cancer and genital warts
Very common
Biggest risk factor for cervical cancer
Who is the BCG vaccine offered to?
Babies who are at higher risk of TB
Given at birth
Is there any link between MMR and Autism?
NO
MMR has been extensively investigated after Andrew Wakefield incident, no link between MMR and autism
