Gastro - Appendicitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is McBurney’s point?

A

One third of the distance from the ASIS to the umbilicus

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2
Q

What are the classic features of appendicitis?

A

-Tenderness at McBurney’s point

-Anorexia

-Nausea and vomiting

-Low-grade fever

-Rosving’s sign (palpation of the LIF causes pain in the RIF)

-Guarding on abdominal palpation

-Rebound tenderness

-Percussion tenderness

Rosving's Sign
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3
Q

How is appendicitis diagnosed?

A

Clinical presentation and raised inflammatory markers

CT can be useful if another diagnosis is more likely

Ultrasound to exclude gynaecological pathology

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4
Q

What is the next step if a patient has a clinical presentation suggestive of appendicitis but negative investigations

A

Diagnostic laparoscopy

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5
Q

What are the key differential diagnoses of appendicitis?

A

Ectopic pregnancy
Ovarian cysts
Meckel’s diverticulum
Mesenteric adenitis (inflamed abdominal lymph nodes)

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6
Q

What is mesenteric adenitis associated with?

A

Younger children
Tonsilitis
URTI

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7
Q

What causes an appendix mass?

A

Omentum surrounds and sticks to inflamed appendix

Mass forms in the RIF

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8
Q

How is appendicitis managed?

A

Appendicectomy

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9
Q

What are the complications of appendicectomy?

A

Bleeding, infection, pain and scars

Damage to bowel, bladder or other organs

Removal of a normal appendix

VTE

Anaesthetic risks

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