Neuro psych Quiz 6 Flashcards
Where are the auditory receptors, known as hair cells?
Along the membrane of the cochlea
The frequency theory of pitch perception applies to what type of sound?
Low-frequency sounds, up to about 100 Hz
Which brain abnormality has been demonstrated in people with amusia?
Fewer than average axons connect the auditory cortex to the frontal cortex
Absolute pitch is more common among what type of people?
People with extensive musical training beginning in early childhood.
What happens to people after damage to the primary auditory cortex?
They can identify and localize sounds, but they cannot understand speech or enjoy music.
What is meant by a “tonotopic map” ?
Each location in the auditory cortex responds to a preferred tone, and these areas are arranged in order form low pitches to high pitches.
Infections or bone growth that prevent the middle ear from transmitting sounds properly to the cochlea produce which type of deafness?
Conductive deafness
Many older people have trouble understanding speech in spite of wearing hearing aides, especially under which circumstances?
A noisy room
Localizing sounds by intensity differences works best for which pitches?
High-frequency sounds
Which of the following activities would be most impaired after damage to the vestibular system?
Reading street signs while walking
Why can women on average detect thinner grooves with their fingers than men do?
On average, woman’s fingers are smaller
To what extent does the nervous system maintain separate representations of touch, heat, pain, and other aspects of somatic sensation?
Different types of sensation remain separate eve in the cerebral cortex
If disease damages someone’s myelinated somatosensory axons without damaging the unmyelinated axons, what kind of sensation would the person lose?
Touch
Suppose you suffer a cut through the spinal cord on the left side only. For the part of the body below that cut, you will lose pain sensation on the — side of the body and touch sensation on the —- side
1) right
2) left
Hurt feelings activate the same brain area as which sensation?
Pain
Do placebos relieve pain just by relaxation? and what is the evidence?
No. A placebo can relieve pain in one body part without affecting another
Which chemical relieves pain by damaging the mitochondria in heat receptors?
Capsaicin
Why do many people suffer chronic pain long after an injury has healed?
The brain learned to increase its pain perception
Which sense has the slowest axons to the brain?
Itch
Which type of sensation inhibits itch sensations
Pain
How long does a taste receptor last?
Two weeks or less, the same as skin cells
What do the observations about taste adaptation and cross-adaptation imply about taste receptors?
The receptors sensitive to one taste are different from those for another taste.
Umami refers to the taste of which substance?
Glutamate
Why is it possible for us to taste a wide variety of chemicals as bitter>
We have 25 or more types of bitter receptors.
Which mammalian species is known to have very few taste receptors?
Dolphins
How do we manage to smell a wide variety of chemicals?
We have hundreds of types olfactory receptors
When a new olfactory receptor forms to replace one that died, does it connect to the same site in the olfactory bulb as the previous receptor? if so, how?
It finds the correct site by chemical attractions
On average, who detects odors better than other people?
On average, women detect odors better tan men do.
To what stimulus does the vomeronasal organ respond?
Pheromones
What is the best-documented example of an effect of pheromones on humans?
Women who spend much time together tend to synchronize their menstrual cycles.
What behavioral evidence indicates that synesthesia is real, and not just something that people claim to experience?
People with synesthesia can find a 2 amount 5s, or a 6 amount 8s, faster than usual if they have different synesthetic colors, and slower if they have the same color
