Neuro psych Quiz 6

Question 1

Where are the auditory receptors, known as hair cells?

Answer 1

Along the membrane of the cochlea

Question 2

The frequency theory of pitch perception applies to what type of sound?

Answer 2

Low-frequency sounds, up to about 100 Hz

Question 3

Which brain abnormality has been demonstrated in people with amusia?

Answer 3

Fewer than average axons connect the auditory cortex to the frontal cortex

Question 4

Absolute pitch is more common among what type of people?

Answer 4

People with extensive musical training beginning in early childhood.

Question 5

What happens to people after damage to the primary auditory cortex?

Answer 5

They can identify and localize sounds, but they cannot understand speech or enjoy music.

Question 6

What is meant by a “tonotopic map” ?

Answer 6

Each location in the auditory cortex responds to a preferred tone, and these areas are arranged in order form low pitches to high pitches.

Question 7

Infections or bone growth that prevent the middle ear from transmitting sounds properly to the cochlea produce which type of deafness?

Answer 7

Conductive deafness

Question 8

Many older people have trouble understanding speech in spite of wearing hearing aides, especially under which circumstances?

Answer 8

A noisy room

Question 9

Localizing sounds by intensity differences works best for which pitches?

Answer 9

High-frequency sounds

Question 10

Which of the following activities would be most impaired after damage to the vestibular system?

Answer 10

Reading street signs while walking

Question 11

Why can women on average detect thinner grooves with their fingers than men do?

Answer 11

On average, woman’s fingers are smaller

Question 12

To what extent does the nervous system maintain separate representations of touch, heat, pain, and other aspects of somatic sensation?

Answer 12

Different types of sensation remain separate eve in the cerebral cortex

Question 13

If disease damages someone’s myelinated somatosensory axons without damaging the unmyelinated axons, what kind of sensation would the person lose?

Answer 13

Touch

Question 14

Suppose you suffer a cut through the spinal cord on the left side only. For the part of the body below that cut, you will lose pain sensation on the — side of the body and touch sensation on the —- side

Answer 14

1) right
2) left

Question 15

Hurt feelings activate the same brain area as which sensation?

Answer 15

Pain

Question 16

Do placebos relieve pain just by relaxation? and what is the evidence?

Answer 16

No. A placebo can relieve pain in one body part without affecting another

Question 17

Which chemical relieves pain by damaging the mitochondria in heat receptors?

Answer 17

Capsaicin

Question 18

Why do many people suffer chronic pain long after an injury has healed?

Answer 18

The brain learned to increase its pain perception

Question 19

Which sense has the slowest axons to the brain?

Answer 19

Itch

Question 20

Which type of sensation inhibits itch sensations

Answer 20

Pain

Question 21

How long does a taste receptor last?

Answer 21

Two weeks or less, the same as skin cells

Question 22

What do the observations about taste adaptation and cross-adaptation imply about taste receptors?

Answer 22

The receptors sensitive to one taste are different from those for another taste.

Question 23

Umami refers to the taste of which substance?

Answer 23

Glutamate

Question 24

Why is it possible for us to taste a wide variety of chemicals as bitter>

Answer 24

We have 25 or more types of bitter receptors.

Question 25

Which mammalian species is known to have very few taste receptors?

Answer 25

Dolphins

Question 26

How do we manage to smell a wide variety of chemicals?

Answer 26

We have hundreds of types olfactory receptors

Question 27

When a new olfactory receptor forms to replace one that died, does it connect to the same site in the olfactory bulb as the previous receptor? if so, how?

Answer 27

It finds the correct site by chemical attractions

Question 28

On average, who detects odors better than other people?

Answer 28

On average, women detect odors better tan men do.

Question 29

To what stimulus does the vomeronasal organ respond?

Answer 29

Pheromones

Question 30

What is the best-documented example of an effect of pheromones on humans?

Answer 30

Women who spend much time together tend to synchronize their menstrual cycles.

Question 31

What behavioral evidence indicates that synesthesia is real, and not just something that people claim to experience?

Answer 31

People with synesthesia can find a 2 amount 5s, or a 6 amount 8s, faster than usual if they have different synesthetic colors, and slower if they have the same color