Nervous [Motor Systems] Flashcards
What connects the caudate nucleus and the putamen?
Thin Fibres
What is the name and location of the excitory neurons?
Glutamate
Into striatum from UMN and finishes the loop coming from the thalamus to the cortex
What is the name and location of the inhibitory neurons?
GABA
- Striatum to GPE
- Striatum to GPI
- Activated by (2), GPI to thalamus
- Striatum to SNR/C area
What is the name and location of the neutral neurons? Function?
Dopamine
1. From SNC area to Striatum
Keeps neurons primed to fire so glutamate can make cup overflow.
Basal ganglia system function x 3
Initiation
Mood through movement
Modified —> Smoother, precise
Parkinson’s cause
Loss of dopamine cells in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc)
Depletion of dopamine in striatum
Parkinson’s disease symptoms
Mood wooden
Hypokinesia (slow movement)
Tremor at rest
Rigidity
Parkinson’s treatment classic
Dopamine replacement drugs
Surgical lesions: pallidotomy / thalamotomy
Deep brain stimulation
Parkinson’s treatment new
Cell transplantation
Gene therapy
Cerebellum function x 4
Coordinates maps terminates movement.
Unconscious movement.
Balance.
Bridges between planned vs actual.
Cerebellum vs basal ganglia output to spinal cord direct or indirect
Basal: no direct
Cerebellum: direct
Spastic paralysis 3 symptoms
Rigidness (more muscle tone)
Exaggerated reflexes
Loss of precise vol movement
Flaccid paralysis 3 symptoms
Reflexes
Atrophy
Loss of voluntary movement
Name the pathway for motor information (5)
Motor planning Basal ganglia Motor cortex UMN Pyramidal
3 symptoms of damage to cerebellum
Ataxia (uncoordinated)
Intention Tremor
Unbalanced
