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Hugh's MD1 Neuro > Nasal Cavity, Nasopharynx, Oral Cavity and Oropharynx > Flashcards

Nasal Cavity, Nasopharynx, Oral Cavity and Oropharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the uvula?

A

The posterior end of the soft palate

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2
Q

What are the major sinuses around the nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoid

Frontal

Maxillary

Sphenoid

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2
Q

What is the path of the inferior alveolar nerve?

A

It enters the mandible via the mandibular foramen and travels in the mandibular canal

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2
Q

Where do the palatine tonsils sit?

A

On the lateral walls of the oropharynx, in between the palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch

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3
Q

What is Rhinorrhea?

A

Leakage of the CSF out of the brain through the nose

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4
Q

Where are the valate papillae located on the tongue?

A

Directly anterior to the sulcus terminalis

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5
Q

What is the posterior quadrant of the nasal cavity supplied by?

A

Sphenopalatine artery

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6
Q

What is the inferior quadrant of the nasal cavity supplied by?

A

Branch of the palantine artery

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6
Q

What do the constrictor muscles do?

A

Line the back of the pharynx

Constrict to send food ebolus down the throat

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6
Q

What is the sulcus terminalis?

A

A sulcus that separates the posterior 1/3 and anterior 2/3 of the tongue

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6
Q

What is the epiglottis made of?

A

Cartilage

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7
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Alter the position of the tongue

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8
Q

What is the nasolacrimal duct?

A

Drainage of the lacrimal gland

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9
Q

What covers the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Fungiform papillae

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10
Q

What are the foliate papillae?

A

Grooves on the lateral aspect of the tongue

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11
Q

The is the function of the mylohyloid muscle?

A

Forms a diaphragm for the floor of the mouth

Is an anchor for other muscles to connect to

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11
Q

Towards which side will the tongue project when there is a lesion of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Towards the side of the lesion

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11
Q

What do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

Change the shape of the tongue only

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11
Q

What is the function of the palatopharyngeus muscle?

A

Elevate the pharynx

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12
Q

Where can lower teeth pain be referred to?

A

The mandibular division of the external auditory meatus

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13
Q

What is the foramen caecum?

A

A divert at the apex of the sulcus terminalis that is the remnant of thyroid development

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13
Q

Which nerve innervates the muscles of soft palate?

A

All the vagus except tensor veli palatini which is innervated by CNV

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14
Q

Where can upper teeth pain be referred to?

A

The upper sinuses

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15
Q

What does the soft palate do during chewing?

A

Helps seal the oral cavity to allow unimpeded breathing

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16
Q

What nerve does general sensory innervation of the ant 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Lingual nerve (branch of V3)

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16
Q

T/F The same nerve innervates both the upper and lower teeth

A

False

Upper: Superior alveolar nerve (V2)

Lower: Inferior alveolar nerve (V3)

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18
Q

What types of cells line the nasal cavity?

A

High vascular epithelial membrane (anterior)

Olfactory epithelium with respective nerves

Ciliated respiratory epithelium

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19
Q

Name of the muscles of the tongue

A

Styloglossus

Palatoglossus

Genioglossus

Hyoglossus

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19
Q

What nerve does special sensory innervation of the ant 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani (CN VII)

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19
Q

Which muscles acts to protude the tongue?

A

Genioglossus

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21
Q

When does pain get referred to the sinuses?

A

When there is fluid build up and pressure in the sinuses that impinge on the nerves within them

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22
Q

What is Waldeyer’s ring?

A

An incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue around the oral and nasal cavity that forms a line of defence

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23
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Origins are outside the tongue

Insertions a inside the tongue

23
Q

Which muscles support the structure of the soft palate?

A

Tensor veli palatini

Levator veli palatini

Musculus uvulae

Palatoglossus

Palatopharyngeus

25
Q

What makes the floor of the mouth?

A

The mandible

The Mylohyoid muscle

27
Q

What is the superior quadrant of the nasal cavity supplied by?

A

Branches of the ethmoid artery

29
Q

What is the anterior quadrant on the medial aspect of the nasal cavity supplied by?

A

Labial artery

31
Q

What is the posterior nare?

A

Communication between nasal cavities

31
Q

What is the lingual frenulum?

A

A strip of connective tissue that connects the tongue and floor of mouth at the midline

32
Q

Which nerve does motor innervation of the tongue?

A

XII

34
Q

What is the upper half of the nasal cavity innervated by?

A

Branches of the trigeminal (V1)

35
Q

What is the name of the arteries that supply the teeth?

A

Superior and inferior alveolar arteries

36
Q

What is the lower half of the nasal cavity innervated by?

A

Maxillary (V2)

37
Q

How many premolars are their in each jaw?

A

4

39
Q

What is anterior quadrant on the lateral aspect of the nasal cavity supplied by?

A

Facial artery

40
Q

Which three bones constitute the hard palate?

A

The alveolar arches

The palatine process of the maxilla

The horizontal process of the palatine bone

41
Q

Where are the origins and insertions of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Both are inside

42
Q

What nerve does special sensory innervation for the posterior one third of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal

43
Q

What are the names of the lymphoid tissue that constitutes Waldeyer’s ring?

A

Pharyngeal

Tubal

Palatine

Lingual

44
Q

The does the soft palate do during swallowing, coughing and suction?

A

Seals the nasal cavity

45
Q

How many molars are their in each jaw?

A

6

46
Q

What are the salivary glands called?

A

The parotid gland

The sublingual gland

The submandibular gland

48
Q

What is the function of the conchi?

A

Create turbulent airflow to give time for air to be humidified

50
Q

What covers the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Lymphoid follicles called lingual tonsils

51
Q

Which nerve innervates the maxillary sinus?

A

Maxillary

52
Q

What are the boarders of the oropharynx?

A

The soft palate superiorly

The palatopharyngeal and palatoglossal arch laterally

53
Q

Which structure is commonly referred to as the “tonsils”?

A

The palantine tonsils

54
Q

What are the meati?

A

Spaces between the conchi and lateral walls of the nasal cavity

55
Q

What is the function of the palatoglossus muscle?

A

Elevation of the tongue

56
Q

What are the bones of the nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoid

Maxilla

Palatine

Sphenoid

Frontal

57
Q

What is vestibule?

A

The area at the immediate entrance of the nasal cavity

58
Q

What are some landmarks in the nasopharynx?

A

Opening of the auditory tube

Pharyngeal tonsils

Salpingopharyngeus muscle

60
Q

What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

Sphenoid (sup)

Sup. constrictor (post)

Soft palate (inf)

61
Q

How many incisors are their in each jaw?

A

4

63
Q

What are located in the meati?

A

Openings to the various sinuses surrounding the nasal cavity

65
Q

Which nerve does general sensory innervation for the posterior 1/3 aspect of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal

66
Q

What is epistaxis?

A

Nose bleed

68
Q

What lines the sinuses?

A

The same vascular epithelium as in the nasal cavity

69
Q

What are the turbinate bones?

A

Bones that jut out into the nasal cavity and form an overhang

Named the Superior, middle and inferior concha

70
Q

Which sinuses are innervated by the ophthalmic nerve?

A

The frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid

71
Q

Name the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Transverse and vertical

Superior longitudinal

Inferior longitudinal

72
Q

Which tooth is named the wisdom tooth?

A

The most posterior molar

73
Q

What are the borders of the pharynx?

A

Base of the skull to C6

74
Q

Where is the submandibular gland located?

A

There are two parts, one is superior to the mylohyoid and the other is inferior

75
Q

What is the fauces?

A

The opening at the back of the oropharynx

76
Q

T/F the mandible makes up the floor of the mouth

A

False, it deficient inferiorly

77
Q

How many canines are their in each jaw?

A

2

78
Q

What are the major cartilages of the nose?

A

Lateral

Septal

Alar

79
Q

What are the major bones of the nose?

A

Frontal bone

Nasal bones

Frontal process of the maxilla

80
Q

What structural feature makes the floor of the mouth be of clinical usefulness?

A

It is high vascular (lingual artery and veins) therefore is useful for drug absorption

Hugh's MD1 Neuro (41 decks)

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