Nasal Cavity, Nasopharynx, Oral Cavity and Oropharynx Flashcards
What is the uvula?
The posterior end of the soft palate
What are the major sinuses around the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid
Frontal
Maxillary
Sphenoid
What is the path of the inferior alveolar nerve?
It enters the mandible via the mandibular foramen and travels in the mandibular canal
Where do the palatine tonsils sit?
On the lateral walls of the oropharynx, in between the palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch
What is Rhinorrhea?
Leakage of the CSF out of the brain through the nose
Where are the valate papillae located on the tongue?
Directly anterior to the sulcus terminalis
What is the posterior quadrant of the nasal cavity supplied by?
Sphenopalatine artery
What is the inferior quadrant of the nasal cavity supplied by?
Branch of the palantine artery
What do the constrictor muscles do?
Line the back of the pharynx
Constrict to send food ebolus down the throat
What is the sulcus terminalis?
A sulcus that separates the posterior 1/3 and anterior 2/3 of the tongue
What is the epiglottis made of?
Cartilage
What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Alter the position of the tongue
What is the nasolacrimal duct?
Drainage of the lacrimal gland
What covers the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Fungiform papillae
What are the foliate papillae?
Grooves on the lateral aspect of the tongue
The is the function of the mylohyloid muscle?
Forms a diaphragm for the floor of the mouth
Is an anchor for other muscles to connect to
Towards which side will the tongue project when there is a lesion of the hypoglossal nerve?
Towards the side of the lesion
What do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?
Change the shape of the tongue only
What is the function of the palatopharyngeus muscle?
Elevate the pharynx
Where can lower teeth pain be referred to?
The mandibular division of the external auditory meatus
What is the foramen caecum?
A divert at the apex of the sulcus terminalis that is the remnant of thyroid development
Which nerve innervates the muscles of soft palate?
All the vagus except tensor veli palatini which is innervated by CNV
Where can upper teeth pain be referred to?
The upper sinuses
What does the soft palate do during chewing?
Helps seal the oral cavity to allow unimpeded breathing
What nerve does general sensory innervation of the ant 2/3 of the tongue?
Lingual nerve (branch of V3)
T/F The same nerve innervates both the upper and lower teeth
False
Upper: Superior alveolar nerve (V2)
Lower: Inferior alveolar nerve (V3)
What types of cells line the nasal cavity?
High vascular epithelial membrane (anterior)
Olfactory epithelium with respective nerves
Ciliated respiratory epithelium
Name of the muscles of the tongue
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
What nerve does special sensory innervation of the ant 2/3 of the tongue?
Chorda tympani (CN VII)
Which muscles acts to protude the tongue?
Genioglossus
When does pain get referred to the sinuses?
When there is fluid build up and pressure in the sinuses that impinge on the nerves within them
What is Waldeyer’s ring?
An incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue around the oral and nasal cavity that forms a line of defence
What are the origins and insertions of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Origins are outside the tongue
Insertions a inside the tongue
Which muscles support the structure of the soft palate?
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Musculus uvulae
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
What makes the floor of the mouth?
The mandible
The Mylohyoid muscle
What is the superior quadrant of the nasal cavity supplied by?
Branches of the ethmoid artery
What is the anterior quadrant on the medial aspect of the nasal cavity supplied by?
Labial artery
What is the posterior nare?
Communication between nasal cavities
What is the lingual frenulum?
A strip of connective tissue that connects the tongue and floor of mouth at the midline
Which nerve does motor innervation of the tongue?
XII
What is the upper half of the nasal cavity innervated by?
Branches of the trigeminal (V1)
What is the name of the arteries that supply the teeth?
Superior and inferior alveolar arteries
What is the lower half of the nasal cavity innervated by?
Maxillary (V2)
How many premolars are their in each jaw?
4
What is anterior quadrant on the lateral aspect of the nasal cavity supplied by?
Facial artery
Which three bones constitute the hard palate?
The alveolar arches
The palatine process of the maxilla
The horizontal process of the palatine bone
Where are the origins and insertions of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Both are inside
What nerve does special sensory innervation for the posterior one third of the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal
What are the names of the lymphoid tissue that constitutes Waldeyer’s ring?
Pharyngeal
Tubal
Palatine
Lingual
The does the soft palate do during swallowing, coughing and suction?
Seals the nasal cavity
How many molars are their in each jaw?
6
What are the salivary glands called?
The parotid gland
The sublingual gland
The submandibular gland
What is the function of the conchi?
Create turbulent airflow to give time for air to be humidified
What covers the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
Lymphoid follicles called lingual tonsils
Which nerve innervates the maxillary sinus?
Maxillary
What are the boarders of the oropharynx?
The soft palate superiorly
The palatopharyngeal and palatoglossal arch laterally
Which structure is commonly referred to as the “tonsils”?
The palantine tonsils
What are the meati?
Spaces between the conchi and lateral walls of the nasal cavity
What is the function of the palatoglossus muscle?
Elevation of the tongue
What are the bones of the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Palatine
Sphenoid
Frontal
What is vestibule?
The area at the immediate entrance of the nasal cavity
What are some landmarks in the nasopharynx?
Opening of the auditory tube
Pharyngeal tonsils
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?
Sphenoid (sup)
Sup. constrictor (post)
Soft palate (inf)
How many incisors are their in each jaw?
4
What are located in the meati?
Openings to the various sinuses surrounding the nasal cavity
Which nerve does general sensory innervation for the posterior 1/3 aspect of the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal
What is epistaxis?
Nose bleed
What lines the sinuses?
The same vascular epithelium as in the nasal cavity
What are the turbinate bones?
Bones that jut out into the nasal cavity and form an overhang
Named the Superior, middle and inferior concha
Which sinuses are innervated by the ophthalmic nerve?
The frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid
Name the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Transverse and vertical
Superior longitudinal
Inferior longitudinal
Which tooth is named the wisdom tooth?
The most posterior molar
What are the borders of the pharynx?
Base of the skull to C6
Where is the submandibular gland located?
There are two parts, one is superior to the mylohyoid and the other is inferior
What is the fauces?
The opening at the back of the oropharynx
T/F the mandible makes up the floor of the mouth
False, it deficient inferiorly
How many canines are their in each jaw?
2
What are the major cartilages of the nose?
Lateral
Septal
Alar
What are the major bones of the nose?
Frontal bone
Nasal bones
Frontal process of the maxilla
What structural feature makes the floor of the mouth be of clinical usefulness?
It is high vascular (lingual artery and veins) therefore is useful for drug absorption
