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Hugh's MD1 Neuro > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What makes white matter white?

A

Fatty myelin surrounding axons

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2
Q

What type of stain can you use to visualise the processes of neurons?

A

Silver stain

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3
Q

What type of cells produce CSF?

A

Choroid plexus cells

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4
Q

What type of cells are choroid plexus cells?

A

Specialised epithelial cells

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5
Q

Where are Ependymal cells located?

A

They line the central canal of the spinal cord

Lining the ventricles

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6
Q

What type of cell are ependymal?

A

Low columnar or cuboidal

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7
Q

True/False, neurons produce a lot of energy

A

False, they rely on surrounding cells to produce it for them

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8
Q

Which is the cytoskeletal components of neurons are dynamic?

A

Actin

and microtubules

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9
Q

What does actin in neurons allow for?

A

Spines on processes to extend out

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10
Q

Which cytoskeletal component allows for movement of proteins and other substances within the axon?

A

Microtubules

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11
Q

What is soma another name for?

A

Neuron cell body

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12
Q

Is the level of protein production in neurons high or low?

A

High

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13
Q

What are Nissl bodies?

A

The units of protein production in the neuron

They consist of rough ER and free ribosomes

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14
Q

What are astrocytes?

A

Support cells

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15
Q

What are glial cells?

A

Support cells for neurons

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16
Q

What are the three types of glial cells?

A

Astrocytes

Oligodendrocytes

Schwann cells

17
Q

I am a cell whose function is to

  • Neurotransmitter uptake and degradation
  • K+ homeostasis
  • Neuronal energy supply
  • Maintainence of BBB
  • Injury response and recovery

Who am I?

A

Astrocyte!

18
Q

Why do glia cells produce glutamate transporters?

A

Glutamate is a neurotransmitter

Glial cells take up glutamate through those transporters to remove it from the synaptic clefts

19
Q

How do glial cells communicate with each other?

A

Calcium waves

20
Q

What initiates Ca waves in glial cells?

A

Neurotransmitters

Trauma

Inflammatory mediators

21
Q

T/F Neurons are the only cells to release neurotransmitters in the CNS

A

No, glial cells do it too

22
Q

How do glial cells regulate neurone function?

A

Release ATP in response to Ca waves to hyperpolarise the neurons.

23
Q

How can astrocytes regulate vascular tone?

A

Calcium waves cause contraction of astrocyte processes around blood vessels

24
Q

What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes?

A

Myelination in the CNS

25
Q

What cell can wrap around more than one axon, oligodendrocytes or schwann cells?

A

Oligodendrocytes

26
Q

What is the general function of microglial cells?

A

Immune defense

27
Q

What do microglia do to regulate normal function?

A

Send out processes that sample synapses

Hugh's MD1 Neuro (41 decks)

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