Circulation of the CNS Flashcards
Damage to the anterior cerebral artery generally presents…
Hemisensory and hemiparesis of the contralateral side’s lower limb
(Corresponding to damage to the medial aspect of the primary motor and somatosensory cortex)
What supplies the medulla?
Anterior spinal artery
Vertebral artery
PICA
What does the posterior communicating artery connect?
Internal carotid artery and posterior cerebral artery
What percentage of the cardiac output does the brain receive?
10-20%
Where is the Circle of Willis located on the brain?
Around the midbrain and optic chiasm
What is supplied by the MCA?
Lateral aspect of the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes and the insula
What does the anterior choroidal artery branch off?
Internal carotid artery
Which of the cerebral arteries branch of the internal carotid?
Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
Where does the superior cerebellar artery branch off and what does it supply?
Basilar (right before the PCAs form)
Superior aspect of the cerebellum and a little of the midbrain
Where do the lenticulostriate branches come off and what do they supply?
MCA
Basal ganglia and internal capsule
Where do the anterior perforating branches come off and what do they supply?
The anterior communicating artery
Optic chiasm and anterior hypothalamus
What is the course of the posterior cerebral artery?
They are the terminal branches of the basilar artery
They project out posteriorly towards the occipital lobe
Medial medullary syndrome is caused by what?
Damage to the anterior spinal artery
How many posterior vertebral arteries are their?
2
Where does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery usually branch off?
The vertebral arteries
Where do the posterior perforating branches come off and what do they supply?
PCA
Ventral midbrain
Posterior hypothalamus
Thalamus
What does the anterior cerebral arteries supply?
The medial aspect of the frontal lobes and medial superior aspect of the parietal lobe
Through which hole does the internal carotid artery enter the brain?
The carotid canal
What supplies the midbrain?
Mostly the posterior cerebral artery
also the superior cerebellar artery
Damage to the posterior cerebral artery generally presents how?
Contralateral hemianopia
Damage to the MCA presents with what possible signs generally?
Motor and sensory problems for contralateral side (excluding the lower limb)
Language problems (Broca’s and Wernicke’s)
What is the course of the vertebral artery?
Travels up through the transverse foramen and through the foramen magnum
What is the course of the anterior cerebral artery?
Branches off the internal carotid artery lateral to the optic chiasm.
Travels anteriorly in the longitudinal fissure.
Hooks around the genu of the corpus callosum
What are the cerebellar arteries?
Superior cerebellar artery
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
What is the origin of the vertebral artery?
Subclavian
Where does the anterior communicationg artery sit?
Between the two anterior cerebral arteries
What does the ophthalmic artery branch off and what does it supply?
Internal carotid artery
Orbit
What is the course of the middle cerebral artery?
Branches off the internal carotid
Projects out via the lateral fissure
What are the two systems that contribute to the circle of Willis?
Vertebral basilar system
Internal carotid artery
Where does the posterior cerebral artery branch off?
The basilar artery
Where do the pontine branches come off and what do they supply?
Basilar artery
Ventral pons
Where does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery branch off and what does it supply?
First branch off the basilar
Supplies the inferior aspect of the cerebellum
What is the anterior spinal artery a branch of? What tops it up down the spinal cord?
The vertebral arteries
Segmental branches of the aorta
