Circulation of the CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Damage to the anterior cerebral artery generally presents…

A

Hemisensory and hemiparesis of the contralateral side’s lower limb

(Corresponding to damage to the medial aspect of the primary motor and somatosensory cortex)

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1
Q

What supplies the medulla?

A

Anterior spinal artery

Vertebral artery

PICA

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3
Q

What does the posterior communicating artery connect?

A

Internal carotid artery and posterior cerebral artery

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5
Q

What percentage of the cardiac output does the brain receive?

A

10-20%

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5
Q

Where is the Circle of Willis located on the brain?

A

Around the midbrain and optic chiasm

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5
Q

What is supplied by the MCA?

A

Lateral aspect of the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes and the insula

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5
Q

What does the anterior choroidal artery branch off?

A

Internal carotid artery

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6
Q

Which of the cerebral arteries branch of the internal carotid?

A

Anterior cerebral artery

Middle cerebral artery

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7
Q

Where does the superior cerebellar artery branch off and what does it supply?

A

Basilar (right before the PCAs form)

Superior aspect of the cerebellum and a little of the midbrain

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8
Q

Where do the lenticulostriate branches come off and what do they supply?

A

MCA

Basal ganglia and internal capsule

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9
Q

Where do the anterior perforating branches come off and what do they supply?

A

The anterior communicating artery

Optic chiasm and anterior hypothalamus

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10
Q

What is the course of the posterior cerebral artery?

A

They are the terminal branches of the basilar artery

They project out posteriorly towards the occipital lobe

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10
Q

Medial medullary syndrome is caused by what?

A

Damage to the anterior spinal artery

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11
Q

How many posterior vertebral arteries are their?

A

2

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12
Q

Where does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery usually branch off?

A

The vertebral arteries

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13
Q

Where do the posterior perforating branches come off and what do they supply?

A

PCA

Ventral midbrain

Posterior hypothalamus

Thalamus

14
Q

What does the anterior cerebral arteries supply?

A

The medial aspect of the frontal lobes and medial superior aspect of the parietal lobe

15
Q

Through which hole does the internal carotid artery enter the brain?

A

The carotid canal

16
Q

What supplies the midbrain?

A

Mostly the posterior cerebral artery

also the superior cerebellar artery

17
Q

Damage to the posterior cerebral artery generally presents how?

A

Contralateral hemianopia

19
Q

Damage to the MCA presents with what possible signs generally?

A

Motor and sensory problems for contralateral side (excluding the lower limb)

Language problems (Broca’s and Wernicke’s)

21
Q

What is the course of the vertebral artery?

A

Travels up through the transverse foramen and through the foramen magnum

22
Q

What is the course of the anterior cerebral artery?

A

Branches off the internal carotid artery lateral to the optic chiasm.

Travels anteriorly in the longitudinal fissure.

Hooks around the genu of the corpus callosum

22
Q

What are the cerebellar arteries?

A

Superior cerebellar artery

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

23
What is the origin of the vertebral artery?
Subclavian
24
Where does the anterior communicationg artery sit?
Between the two anterior cerebral arteries
25
What does the ophthalmic artery branch off and what does it supply?
Internal carotid artery Orbit
27
What is the course of the middle cerebral artery?
Branches off the internal carotid Projects out via the lateral fissure
28
What are the two systems that contribute to the circle of Willis?
Vertebral basilar system Internal carotid artery
29
Where does the posterior cerebral artery branch off?
The basilar artery
31
Where do the pontine branches come off and what do they supply?
Basilar artery Ventral pons
32
Where does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery branch off and what does it supply?
First branch off the basilar Supplies the inferior aspect of the cerebellum
33
What is the anterior spinal artery a branch of? What tops it up down the spinal cord?
The vertebral arteries Segmental branches of the aorta