Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum Flashcards
Which part of the basal ganglia is effected in Parkinson’s?
Substantia nigra
Which sides are deficits in relation to cerebellar lesions?
Ipsilateral
How is grey and white matter organised in the cerebellum?
Grey matter cortex
Sub-cortical white matter
Sub-cortical grey matter
When does the supplementary motor area become involved in movement?
When carrying out more complex movement
Where are mirror neurons located?
The ventral-anterior aspect of the lateral premotor cortex
What is the function of the cerebellum?
Coordinating the time and sequencing of muscle actions and movements
Maintenance of muscle tone
Motor learning
Planning sequences of muscle activation for complex movements
What is the function of the motor cortex?
Initiation of movement
Skilled movement
Dextrous movement
Integration of movement with postural stability
What is the likely location of a lesion that would cause an ataxic gait?
Anterior lobe of the cerebellum
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
Allows the selection of complex patterns of voluntary movement eg riding a bike - non-conscious routine of movement
Evaluates the success of actions in achieveing the goal of that action
Initiation of movement
Describe the structure of the cerebellum
3 lobes
Tightly folded
Cerebellar peduncles
Which part of the basal ganglia is affected in Huntington’s disease?
Caudate nucleus
What are the names of the component parts of the basal ganglia
Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globus pallidus - internal and external segments
Subthalamic nucleus
Substantia nigra
Where is the basal ganglia located?
The majority is in the forebrain except the substantia nigra that is in the brainstem
What did the grip test with monkey show?
The same muscles can be controlled by different UMNs depending on the function being performed
How does the basal ganglia and the motor cortex interact?
The motor cortex uses the basal ganglia to communicate with itself
