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Hugh's MD1 Neuro > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical landmark for the roustal end of the brainstem?

A

Mammillary bodies

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1
Q

Which CN’s nuclei are in the brachial column of the motor region of the brainstem?

A

Roustral to caudal

Mandibular division of V/Trigeminal (Pons)

VII/Facial (Pons)

IX/Glossopharyngeal (Medulla)

X/Vagus (Medulla)

XI/Accessory (Spinal cord)

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1
Q

Which CN nuclei are contained in the nucleus solitarius?

A

CNVII, IX and X

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2
Q

Where does the nucleus ambiguus lie in relation to the inferior olive?

A

Behind

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2
Q

Which part of the brainstem does the gag reflex test?

A

The medulla

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3
Q

Which extraocula muscles does the oculomotor nerve innervate?

A

Medial rectus

Superior rectus

Inferior rectus

Inferior oblique

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4
Q

What type of sensory input does the nucleus solitarius deal with?

A

Taste (roustal aspect)

Autonomic from the heart, abdomen and viscera

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4
Q

Where does the olfactory nerve exit the skull?

A

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

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5
Q

Where does the opthalmic branch of CNV exit the skull?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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5
Q

Which nerve does the sensory input for the gag reflex?

A

Glossopharyngeal

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6
Q

What role does the facial nerve play in the corneal reflex?

A

Its temporal branch closes the eye

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7
Q

Which nerves go through the superior orbital fissure?

A

III

IV/Trochlea

VI/Abducent

V1

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8
Q

What is the motor innervation of the facial nerve?

A

Muscles of facial expression

Stapedius muscle (ear)

Part of the digastric muscle

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9
Q

What does the CNVIII do?

A

Sensory input from ears and vestibular apparatus

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9
Q

Where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the skull?

A

Internal auditory meatus

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11
Q

List the cranial nerves?

A

CNI - Olfactory

CNII - Optic

CNIII - Oculomotor

CIV - Trochlea

CNV - Trigeminal

CNVI - Abducent

CNVII - Facial

CNVIII - Vestibulocochlear

CNIX - Glossopharyngeal

CNX - Vagus

CNXI - Accessory

CNXII - Hypoglossal

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12
Q

What is the mesencephalic nuclei of the CNV for?

A

Proprioception

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12
Q

What does motor CNX do?

A

To striated muscles: Soft palate, pharynx, larynx, upper oesophagus and 1 tongue muscle

PS to many organs

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13
Q

Which nerve covers the motor efferent output of the corneal reflex?

A

CNVII/Facial

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16
Q

Which CN’s nuclei are in the special sensory column of the sensory region of the brainstem?

A

VIII Vestibulocochlear (Pons/Medulla)

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17
Q

Which CN’s nuclei are in the visceral column of the motor aspect of the brainstem?

A

From roustral to caudal

III/Oculomotor (midbrain) - nucleus is called the Edinger Westphal

VII/Facial (Pons) - Superior salivary nucleus

IX/Glossopharyngeal (Medulla) - Inferior salivary nucleus

X/Vagus (Medulla) - Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

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18
Q

Apart from motor and sensory, what does CNX do?

A

Input from baro and chemoreceptors of the aortic arch

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20
Q

Which cranial nerves are purely sensory?

A

CNI - Olfactory

CNII - Optic

CNVIII - Vestibulocochlear

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22
Q

What are the three columns of sensory nuclei in the lateral aspect of brainstem called (medial to lateral)?

A

Visceral

Somatic

Special

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23
What branch of the facial nerve does the motor function?
Facial nerve proper
23
Which nerve does the motor output for the gag reflex?
X - to the pharynx
25
Which cranial nerves are mixed sensory and motor?
CNV - Trigeminal CNVII - Facial CNIX - Glossopharyngeal CNX - Vagus
26
What is the sensory distribution of the Trigeminal nerve?
Face - infront of the ear (Split into opthalmic V1, maxillary V2 and mandibular V3) Inside mouth
26
Where does the maxillary division of CNV exit the skull?
Foramen rotundum
27
Where do the nerve of the ocular motion exit the skull?
Superior orbital fissure
27
Where does CNXI exit the skull?
Hypoglossal foramen
28
Which nerves exit the skull through the auditory canal?
VII/Facial VIII/Vestibulocochlea
29
How many nuclei does the trigeminal nerve have? What are they called?
4 Mesencephalic Chief sensory Spinal trigeminal nucleus (STN) Motor nucleus
31
What motor does the glossopharyngeal nerve do?
Parasympathetic to parotid Motor to stylopharyngeus (lifting soft palate to allow speach)
32
What sensory does CNX do?
Pharynx, larynx and oesophagus
33
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the facial nerve?
Lacrimal and sublingual and submandibular salivary glands
35
What is the motor innervation of the trigeminal nerve?
Muscles of mastication Tensor tympani
36
Which cranial nerves are purely motor?
CNIII - Oculomotor CNIV - Trochlear CNVI - Abducent CNXI - Accessory CNXII - Hypoglossal
37
What is the visceral sensory innervation of the facial nerve?
Taste for the ant 2/3 of the tongue and soft palate
37
Where does CNIX exit the skull?
Jugular foramen
38
Which other nerve exits with VIII?
VII
39
What is the somatic sensory innervation of the facial nerve?
Small region near the external auditory meatus
41
What is the effector muscle in the papillary reflex?
Sphincter Pupillae muscle
43
What are the three subdivisions of motor aspect of the brainstem?
Midlines \> Lateral Somatic \> Brachial \> Visceral
44
What is the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the CNV for?
Pain
45
What is the acronym for the cranial nerves?
Oh oh oh, to touch A fine virgin girls vagina and hymen
45
Which nerves exit the skull through the jugular foramen?
IX/Glossopharyngeal X/Vagus XI/Accessory
46
What are the six extraocular muscles?
Sup. rectus Inferior rectus Medial rectus lateral rectus Sup oblique Inferior oblique
47
What sensory does the glossopharyngeal nerve do?
Tongue (post 1/3) Pharynx Middle ear Carotid body Taste: post 1/3 of tongue
47
What does the hypoglossal nerve do?
Somatic motor of the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
48
Must of the motor innervation for the tongue is done by ... but some is also done by ...
CNXII and CNX
49
What is the name of the branch of the facial nerve that does non-motor innervation?
The nervus intermedius
50
What is the chief sensory nuclei of CNV for?
Other sensory (not proprioception and pain)
52
What important structure does the facial nerve pass through but not innervate?
The parotid gland
53
How is the CN nuclei divided in the brainstem?
Each side has 6 columns The 3 medial are motor and the three lateral are sensory
54
Which CN's nuclei are in the somatic aspect of the motor region of the brainstem?
In roustral to caudal order III/Oculomotor (Midbrain) IV/Trachlea (Midbrain) VI/Abducent (Pons) XII/Hypoglossal (Medulla) Note: the first three all control movement of the eye ball
56
Where does the mandibular division of CNV exit the skull?
Foramen Ovale
57
Which hole does the optic nerve exit the skull through?
Optic canal
58
Describe the course of CNXI
Branches off the spinal cord Enters the skull through the foramen magnum Loops down and exits through the jugular foramen
59
What is the visceral motor innervation of the oculomotor nerve?
Iris (pupil) - relevant for papillary reflex Ciliary muscle - focusing
60
What nerve exits the skull through the hypoglossal foramen?
XII/Hypoglossal
61
Which of the brainstem does the corneal reflex test?
The pons
62
Which nerve covers the sensory afferent input from the corneal in its reflex?
V1 - Opthalmic division of CNV
64
What are the five terminal branches of the facial nerve proper called?
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal Mandibular Cervical
65
What does CNXI do?
Motor innervation for Upper trap and sternomastoid
66
What is the name of the nuclei that cranial nerves IX and X share in the brachial column of the motor aspect of the brainstem?
Nucleus Ambiguus

Hugh's MD1 Neuro (41 decks)

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