Consciousness Flashcards
What is meant by the psychophysiological state?
Incorporation of conscious thought into physiological state eg heart rate increases when scared
Which artery is the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex mainly supplied by?
Middle cerebral artery
What is the Cannon Bard theory of emotion?
You can experience emotion without expressing it
What is akinetic mutism?
People have to ability to do things but lack the motivation
What are the general functions of the temporal lobe?
Audition, language, memory, music and emotion
Which hemisphere is more specialised for visuospatial functioning?
The right
What is the function of the orbitofrontal cortex?
Controls inhibition - emotion, social and cognitive
Impulsivity
Linked with the limbic system
Which arteries supply the orbitofrontal cortex?
The middle and anterior cerebral artery
What are the core emotions?
Sadness, fear, anger, disgust, happiness (surprise)
A hypocampus of reduced volume is associated with what?
Genetic predisposition to depression
What is cognitive appraisal?
The way to think about a situation will effect how you go onto perceive it
T/F the one-to-one relationship between structure and function is applicable to all functions?
False, while is does work for more simple functions eg smell it doesn’t hold true for more complex traits like the ability to concentrate.
What are the general functions of the parietal lobe?
Somatic and visuospatial representations
What are the general functions of the frontal lobe?
Planning, execution and regulation of behaviour
What are the general functions of the occipital lobe?
Vision
(visuospatial too)
When does the frontal lobe start degenerating with ageing?
Early on: it’s one of the first parts
Which hemisphere is more specialised for language?
The left
What are some main structures involved in emotions
Limbic system (amygdala)
Hippocampus
Cingulate
Hypothalamus
Which artery supplies the medial prefrontal cortex?
The anterior cerebral artery
What are same positive symptoms of executive dysfunction?
Social disinhibition
Impulsivity
High distractability
Emotional instability
Perseveration
Hypergraphia
Do a greater proportion of left or right handers do use their left brain for language?
Right - 95%
Left - 70%
What is observed in the orbitofrontal cortex of patients with depression?
Smaller volume
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
Sensation is sensori-neural encoding of incoming physical information while perception is the interpretation of that information
What are some negative symptoms of executive dysfunction?
Lack of concern
Not finishing tasks
Deficient empathy
Restricted emotion
Lack of initiation
When carrying out tasks, highly impulsive people tend to display what pattern of execution?
High speed but high frequency of errors
Lesions in the oritofrontal cortex is associated with what?
Lack of the ability to recognise and outwardly express emotions (lesion on the right side have a greater effect)
What is the general function of the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex?
Tradition executive functions
ie Working memory
Response selection
Planning and organisation etc
What is the stroop test?
The word and colours test: tests inhibition
What is the James Lange theory of cognition and emotion?
We experience emotion relative to physiological state eg happy because we smile
What is Kluver-Bucy syndrome?
Lamenes/loss of fear do to bilateral, anterior temporal lobectomy (amygdala is lesioned)
Is executive dysfunction and frontal dysfunction the same thing?
No
What is the major role of the medial prefrontal cortex?
Emotional - motivational interface
What are the 3 unit in Luria’s brain behaviour theory?
- The brainstem and associated areas - arousal and muscular tone
- The posterior corticol region - reception, integration and analysis of sensory information
- Frontal and prefrontal region - planning, execution and verifying of behaviour
