Mycology Flashcards
4 molds that cause fungal infections
- Aspergillus fumigatus
- Mucor and Rhizopus
- Dermatophytes
- Tinea versicolor
3 yeasts responsible for opportunistic fungal infections
- Candida albicans
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Pneumocystic jirovecii
5 systemic mycoses
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Blastomyces dermatiditis
- Coccidiodes immitis
- Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis
- Sporothrix schenkii
Found in SW U.S. including West TX and California
Coccidiodes immitis
Mississippi and Ohio River Valley
Histoplasma capsulatum
Causes San Joaquin Valley fever
Coccidiodes immitus
rural Latin America
Paracoccidiodes brasilensis
Associated with plant thorns and cutaneous injury
Sporothrix schenckii
Found in states east of Mississippi River
Blastomyces dermatiditis
Found in bird and bat droppings
Histoplasma capsulatum
Mold form contains barrel-shaped arthroconidia
Coccidiodes immitus
Broad-based budding yeat
Blastomyces dermatididis
Multiple budding of yeast form
Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis
Causes diaper rash
Candida albicans
Opportunistic mold with septate hyphae that branch at 45 degree angle
Aspergillus fumigatus
Opportunistic mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae that bracnh at wide angles (90 degrees or more)
Mucor or Rhizopus
Associated with dust storms of earthquake
Coccidiodes immitus
Thrush in immunocompromised or vulvovaginitis in women
Candida albicans
Pnemonia in AIDS pt
Pnemocystis jirovecii
Meningitis in AIDS pt
Cryptococcus neoformans
5 infections associated with birds (not all are fungi)
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Chlamydophila psittaci
- West Nile virus
- H5N1 Influenza
Start what drug for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirevocii when CD4+ counts drop below 200 in AIDS pt
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMZ)
- if allergic, use pentamidine, dapsone or clindamycin + primaquine
Yeast in CSF of AIDS pt is almost alway due to what?
Cryptococcal meningitis
Most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients
Pneumocystic jiroveccii
Prophylaxis for Cryptococcus in AIDS pt
Fluconazole
Tx for Sporothrix schenkii
Potassium iodide or itraconazole
“Plant a ROSE in a POT”
Tx for oral candidiasis (thrush)
Nystatin or fluconazole
Tx for systemic candidiasis
Amphotericin B
“Fungus ball”
Aspergillis—> asperigilloma, found in lung cavities, esp after TB infections
“Soap bubble” lesions
Crytococcus; these will be in brain
Why do Mucor and Rhizopus cause black eschars
invade blood vessels, occluding them and causing necrosis
Mucormycosis–> who gets
Diabetics IN KETOACIDOSIS
