Drug Metabolism

Question 1

3 Phase I processes

Answer 1

1. oxidation
2. hydrolysis
3. reduction

Question 2

4 Phase II proceses

“GAS”

Answer 2

1. glucuronidation
2. acetylation
3. sulfation
4. methylation

Question 3

which metabolism process do elderly people lose

Answer 3

Phase I

Question 4

which metabolism involves CYPs

Answer 4

Phase I

Question 5

Which metabolism usually inactivates drugs

Answer 5

Phase II

*phase I makes drug slightly more soluble, but often drugs are still active

Question 6

4 drugs w/ antabuse like actions

Answer 6

1. Metronidazole
2. Cephalosporins (some)
3. Procarbazine (CA drug)
4. 1st gen. Sulfuroneas

Question 7

11 drugs/ drug class/ other that are P450 inhibitors

“CRACK AMIGOS” (2 more for bonus)

Answer 7

1. Cimetidine
2. Ritonavir (all protease inh.)
3. Amiodarone
4. Ciprofloxacin
5. Ketoconazole
6. Acute alcohol use
7. Macrolides
8. Insoniazid
9. Grapefruit juice
10. Omeprazole
11. Sulfonamides

*also gemfibrozil and quinidine

Question 8

7 drugs that are P450 inducers

“guiness, corona, PBRS induce”

Answer 8

1. Griseofulvin
2. Carbamazipine
3. Phenytoin
4. Barbituates
5. Rifampin
6. St. John’s wort
7. Chronic alcoholism

Question 9

inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 9

fomepizole

Question 10

inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 10

disulfiram

Question 11

what does methanol get metabolized to that is toxic

Answer 11

formaldehyde

Question 12

what does ethylene glycol get metabolized to that is toxic

Answer 12

oxalic acid

Question 13

methanol causes what issues (2)

Answer 13

acidosis and retinal damage (blindness)

Question 14

ethlene glycol causes what 2 issues

Answer 14

acidosis and kidney damage

*also CNS, heart, and lung