Cytokines

Question 1

waht 6 cytokines produced by T cell

Answer 1

1. IL-2
2. IL-3
3. IL-4
4. IL-5
5. IL-10
6. INF-gamma

Question 2

5 cytokines released by macrophages

Answer 2

1. IL-1
2. IL-6
3. TNF-alpha
4. IL-8
5. IL-12

Question 3

3 functions of INF-alpha and INF-beta

Answer 3

1. inhibit cellular protein synthesis
2. encourage activation of a ribonuclease that degrades viral mRNA
3. activates NK cells

Question 4

2 functions of INF-gamma

Answer 4

1. stimulates macrophages

2. increases MHC I and MHC II expression in all cells

Question 5

cause fever

Answer 5

IL-1

Question 6

fever and production of acute phase reactants in liver

Answer 6

IL-6

Question 7

3 substances responsible for neutrophil chemotaxis

Answer 7

1. TNF-alpha
2. C5a
3. LTB4

Question 8

proliferation of helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells, also activates NK cells

Answer 8

IL-2

Question 9

stimulates B cell growth and differentiation (2)

Answer 9

1. IL-4

2. IL-5

Question 10

stimulates IgA production and stim eosiniphils

Answer 10

IL-5

Question 11

stimulates IgE and IgG production

Answer 11

IL-4

*also stimulates B cell proliferation and differentiation

Question 12

inhibits macrophages and inhibits Th1 cell differentiation

Answer 12

IL-10

*produced by Th2 and Treg

Question 13

activates macrophages

Answer 13

INF-gamma

Question 14

supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow cells

Answer 14

IL-3

Question 15

induces Th1 differentiation and activates NK cells

Answer 15

IL-12

Question 16

produced by Th1 cells

Answer 16

1. IL-2

2. INF-gamma

Question 17

produced by Th2 cells

Answer 17

1. IL-2
2. IL-4
3. IL-5
4. IL-10

Question 18

inhibits Th2 differentiation

Answer 18

INF-gamma

Question 19

mnemonic for IL-1 through IL-5

Answer 19

“HOT T-Bone stEAk”

IL-1 = hot (pyrogen)
IL-2 = T cell prolif
IL-3 = Bone marrow stim
IL-4 = IgE production (and IgE)
IL-5 = stimulates IgA production (and act. eosinophils)

*also “clean up on aisle 8”–> IL-8 attracts neutrophils to clear infection

Question 20

drug that is IL-2 analogue, used for renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma

Answer 20

Aldesleukin

Question 21

function of Filgrastim and Sargramostin

Answer 21

stimulate bone marrow production (GM-CSF analogues)

Question 22

alpha-interferon drug indications (4)

Answer 22

1. Hep B and C
2. Kaposi’s sarcoma
3. Leukemia (including Hairy cell)
4. genital warts
5. malignant melanoma

Question 23

beta-interferon drug use (1)

Answer 23

multiple sclerosis

Question 24

gamma interferon drug use (what dz)

Answer 24

NADPH oxidase deficiency–> chronic granulomatous dz

Question 25

drug that is analogue of IL-11; use?

Answer 25

Oprelvekin–> used to tx thrombocytopenia, also thrombopoietin is used