Hypothalamus and Nuclei (3 Star!) Flashcards
7 functions of Hypothalamus (TAN HATS)
- Thirst and water balance
- Anterior pituitary regulation (adenohypophysis)
- Neurohypophysis–> makes the hormones released there
- Hunger
- Autonomic NS regulation
- Temperature regulation
- Sexual urges
nuclei that is “master clock” for most of circadian rhythms
suprachiasmatic nucleus (receives input from retina)
nuclei regulate parasympathetic NS
Anterior hypothalamus and preoptic nuclei
Destruction results in hyperthermia (so cooling)
Anterior hypothalamus
*A/C-> pArasympathetic
These two regulate sympathetic NS
Posterior and lateral
Produces ADH
supraoptic nucleus
stimulation results in savage behavior and obesity
Dorsomedial nucleus (stimulates g.i. tract)
Destruction rsults in savage behavior and obesity
Ventromedial nucleus (normally controls satiety; stimulated by leptin)
*craniopharyngioma can destroy; dstruction, you grow ventrally and medially
stimulation leads to eating and destruction causes you to starve
Lateral area (inhibited by leptin)
*destruction = you shrink laterally
Regulates the release of gonadotropic hormones
Preoptic nucleus
Responsible for shivering and keeping you warm in cold temps
Posterior nucleus
lesion of posterior nucleus causes wat
poikilothermia (inability to auto-regulate body temp)
Releases hormones affecting posterior pituitary
Arcuate nucleus
makes oxytocin
paraventricular nuclei
2 areas in hypothalamus not protected by BBB
- OVLT (structure that senses osmolarity of blood)
2. Area postremia (emesis center)
