Complement

Question 1

what activates the classic pathway

Answer 1

antigen-Ab complexes (IgM or IgG)= binds complement

Question 2

which complement protein does classic pathway activate

Answer 2

C1

Question 3

what activates the alternative pathway

Answer 3

occurs spontaneously at a low rate, also microbial surface antigen (mannose especially)

Question 4

what complement protein does the alternative system activate

Answer 4

C3

Question 5

what activates the Lectin pathway

Answer 5

Mannose-binding lectin binds mannose on the surface of molecule (like microbes)

Question 6

what two things are the most important opsonins

Answer 6

1. C3b

2. IgG

Question 7

Function of C3a

Answer 7

anaphylaxis–> stimulates mast cells and basophils to degranulate

Question 8

Function of C5a

Answer 8

neutrophil chemotaxis (also involved with anaphylaxis)

Question 9

What complement proteins involved in creation of the MAC

Answer 9

C5b, C5-C9

Question 10

which complement protein helps clear immune complexes

Answer 10

C3b

Question 11

What two proteins help prevent complement activation on self cells

Answer 11

1. DAF

2. C1 esterase inhibitor

Question 12

what CD is DAF

Answer 12

CD55

Question 13

causes heriditary angioedema

Answer 13

C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency

Question 14

recuurent pyogenic sinus and respiratory tract infections, increased susceptobility to type III HSN (glomerulonephritis)

Answer 14

C3 deficiency

Question 15

recuurent Neisseria bacteremia, infections

Answer 15

C5-C9 deficiency (no MAC)

Question 16

deficient in those with paroxsymal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Answer 16

DAF (CD55) or GPI, which anchors DAF to the membrane

Question 17

two CD not found on flow cytometry in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Answer 17

1. CD55

2. CD59

Question 18

two clinical signs of PND

Answer 18

1. hemosidinuria (due to chronic intravascular hemolysis)

2. thrombosis (platelets also damaged and release pro-thrombic substances)

Question 19

hams test

Answer 19

for PND–> place RBS in acidic solution = lysis is + test

Question 20

tx fr PND (3)

Answer 20

1. transfusion
2. warfarin
3. Eculizumab (inhibits complement)