Musculoskeletal Diseases

Question 1

achondroplasia

Answer 1

hereditary disorder of cartilage and bone formation

Symptom: abnormally short limbs

Question 2

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 2

Rheumatoid Arthritis of the spine. Progressive and found most often in young men. impacts the intervertebral, sacroiliac, and costovertebral joints. Symptom: early morning stiffness alleviated by activity

Question 3

arthritis

Answer 3

inflammation of one or more joints, there are many types

Question 4

inflammation

Answer 4

response of body tissues to injury/irritation. Symptoms: pain, welling, redness, heat

Question 5

rheumatoid

Answer 5

type of arthritis characterized by inflammatory changes throughout the body’s connective tissue

Question 6

chondrosarcoma

Answer 6

malignant tumor of cartilage

Question 7

degenerative joint disease

Answer 7

characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage Symptom: stiffness aggravated by physical activity

Question 8

Ewing Tumor

Answer 8

cancerous tumor that invades the entire shaft of bone

Question 9

sarcoma

Answer 9

connective tissue tumor

Question 10

gout

Answer 10

systemic disease due to deposition of urate crystals

Symptom: severe pain, swelling, usually affects a single joint

Question 11

Hurler Syndrome

Answer 11

irregular ossification and is due to overproduction of mucopolysaccharides Symptoms: short stature, coarse features, skeletal deformities, enlarged organs

Question 12

mucopolysaccharides

Answer 12

antiarthritic compound that effectively increased the viscosity of synovial fluid

Question 13

hypophosphatasia

Answer 13

result of a deficiency in alkaline phosphatase Symptoms: skeletal defects, bone pain, other abnormal body chemistries

Question 14

alkaline phosphatase

Answer 14

enzyme produced in the bone and liver

Question 15

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Answer 15

Disease of the hip joint resulting in loss of bone mass due to decreased blood flow

Question 16

Marfan Syndrome

Answer 16

abnormal formation of connective tissue

Symptoms: long slender habitus, skeletal malformations, vision/eye problems

Question 17

multiple myeloma

Answer 17

most common bone neoplasm, tumor derived from the blood cells

Question 18

Osgood-Schlatter disease

Answer 18

Impacts the tibial tubercle, where the patella inserts onto the tibia. manifests itself when growth centers become stressed from things like physical activity

Question 19

osteochondritis dissecans

Answer 19

osteochondrosis involving the joints (especially the shoulder and knee)

Question 20

osteochondrosis

Answer 20

general term for a group of developmental disorders that impact ossification centers and usually occur in adolescence

Question 21

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 21

result or abnormal formation of connective tissues

Question 22

osteoid osteoma

Answer 22

benign lesion that can occur in any bone but is most common in leg bones

Question 23

osteomalacia

Answer 23

softening of bone as a result of being poorly mineralized

Question 24

osteomyelitis

Answer 24

usually a bacterial infection of the bone (can also be fungal) usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Question 25

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 25

normally found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum

Question 26

osteoporosis

Answer 26

low bone density

Question 27

kyphosis

Answer 27

forward hunching of spine

Question 28

Paget disease

Answer 28

degenerative disorder resulting in the softening and swelling of bone

Question 29

psoriatic arthritis

Answer 29

Psoriasis: chronic skin disease causing dryness/scaling/pustules on nails/scalp/lumbar/genitalia which can lead to joint in volvement

Question 30

Reiter syndrome

Answer 30

arthritis associated with nonbacterial urethritis/conjunctivitis/cervicitis/mucocutaneous lesions

Question 31

rickets

Answer 31

infants as a result of overgrowth of poorly mineralized bone and enlarges marrow cavities

Question 32

Scheuermann Disease

Answer 32

specifically impacts ossification centers of vertebrae

Question 33

scoliosis

Answer 33

sideways curvature of spine in erect position due to malaligned vertebrae