Musculoskeletal Diseases Flashcards
achondroplasia
hereditary disorder of cartilage and bone formation
Symptom: abnormally short limbs
ankylosing spondylitis
Rheumatoid Arthritis of the spine. Progressive and found most often in young men. impacts the intervertebral, sacroiliac, and costovertebral joints. Symptom: early morning stiffness alleviated by activity
arthritis
inflammation of one or more joints, there are many types
inflammation
response of body tissues to injury/irritation. Symptoms: pain, welling, redness, heat
rheumatoid
type of arthritis characterized by inflammatory changes throughout the body’s connective tissue
chondrosarcoma
malignant tumor of cartilage
degenerative joint disease
characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage Symptom: stiffness aggravated by physical activity
Ewing Tumor
cancerous tumor that invades the entire shaft of bone
sarcoma
connective tissue tumor
gout
systemic disease due to deposition of urate crystals
Symptom: severe pain, swelling, usually affects a single joint
Hurler Syndrome
irregular ossification and is due to overproduction of mucopolysaccharides Symptoms: short stature, coarse features, skeletal deformities, enlarged organs
mucopolysaccharides
antiarthritic compound that effectively increased the viscosity of synovial fluid
hypophosphatasia
result of a deficiency in alkaline phosphatase Symptoms: skeletal defects, bone pain, other abnormal body chemistries
alkaline phosphatase
enzyme produced in the bone and liver
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
Disease of the hip joint resulting in loss of bone mass due to decreased blood flow
Marfan Syndrome
abnormal formation of connective tissue
Symptoms: long slender habitus, skeletal malformations, vision/eye problems
multiple myeloma
most common bone neoplasm, tumor derived from the blood cells
Osgood-Schlatter disease
Impacts the tibial tubercle, where the patella inserts onto the tibia. manifests itself when growth centers become stressed from things like physical activity
osteochondritis dissecans
osteochondrosis involving the joints (especially the shoulder and knee)
osteochondrosis
general term for a group of developmental disorders that impact ossification centers and usually occur in adolescence
osteogenesis imperfecta
result or abnormal formation of connective tissues
osteoid osteoma
benign lesion that can occur in any bone but is most common in leg bones
osteomalacia
softening of bone as a result of being poorly mineralized
osteomyelitis
usually a bacterial infection of the bone (can also be fungal) usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
normally found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum
osteoporosis
low bone density
kyphosis
forward hunching of spine
Paget disease
degenerative disorder resulting in the softening and swelling of bone
psoriatic arthritis
Psoriasis: chronic skin disease causing dryness/scaling/pustules on nails/scalp/lumbar/genitalia which can lead to joint in volvement
Reiter syndrome
arthritis associated with nonbacterial urethritis/conjunctivitis/cervicitis/mucocutaneous lesions
rickets
infants as a result of overgrowth of poorly mineralized bone and enlarges marrow cavities
Scheuermann Disease
specifically impacts ossification centers of vertebrae
scoliosis
sideways curvature of spine in erect position due to malaligned vertebrae
