Disease Terminology

Question 1

atony

Answer 1

lack of normal tone or strength when muscles are deprived of innervation

Question 2

atrophy

Answer 2

wasting away or weakening of muscle fibers due to lack of usage (many different kinds)

Question 3

bursitis

Answer 3

inflammation of a bursa

Question 4

bursa

Answer 4

sac-like cavity filled with synovial fluid located in places where tendons/muscles pass over bony prominences

Question 5

charley horse

Answer 5

bruised or torn muscle accompanied by cramps and severe pain. Usually only in quads

Question 6

cramp

Answer 6

sustained spasm or contraction of muscle

Question 7

dystonia

Answer 7

sustained abnormal postures or disruption of normal movement resulting from alterations of muscle tone

Question 8

Dupuytren contracture

Answer 8

painless thickening and contracture of the palmar fascia due to fibrous proliferation resulting in loss of function of fingers

Question 9

fasciculations

Answer 9

similar to fibrillations or tremors. Repetitive, involuntary contraction of muscle. Main cause is nerve damage

Question 10

fibromyalgia

Answer 10

rheumatic disorder characterized by achy pain, tenderness, and stiffness

Question 11

myofascial pain syndrome

Answer 11

another name for fibromyalgia. group of rheumatic disorders caused by achy pain , tenderness, and stiffness of muscles/tendon insertions

Question 12

ganglion

Answer 12

thin-walled band cyst formed on a joint capsule or tendon sheath

Question 13

muscular dystrophy

Answer 13

genetic abnormality of muscle tissue characterized by dysfunction and ultimately deterioration

Question 14

leiomyoma

Answer 14

benign tumor of smooth muscle tissue

Question 15

myalgia

Answer 15

muscle pain

Question 16

myasthenia gravis

Answer 16

chronic progressive neuromuscular weakness, usually starting with muscles in face and throat

Question 17

myopathy

Answer 17

any disease of the muscles

Question 18

myositis ossificans

Answer 18

a disease characterized by bony deposits or the ossification of muscle tissue

Question 19

paralysis

Answer 19

loss of nervous control of a miscle

Question 20

paraplegia

Answer 20

paralysis of the legs

Question 21

quadreiplegia

Answer 21

paralysis of all limbs

Question 22

plantar fasciitis

Answer 22

excessive pulling or stretching of the calcaneal periosteum by the plantar fascia. results in pain along the inner border of the plantar fascia.

Question 23

polymyositis

Answer 23

autoimmune disorder which causes atrophy and weakness of the muscles

Question 24

rigor mortis

Answer 24

muscular hardness occurring 407 hours after death

Question 25

tendinitis

Answer 25

inflammation of the tendons and tendon-muscle attachments dur to trauma or repetitive wear

Question 26

tennis elbow

Answer 26

lateral and medial apicondylitis. strain of lateral forearm muscles or tendinous attachments near the origin of the epicondyle of the humerus

Question 27

tatanus

Answer 27

disease caused by Clostridium tetani which causes hyperexcitability of nerves and muscles. Jaw muscles are impacted first.

Question 28

torticollis

Answer 28

persistent contraction of a sternocleidomastoid muscle. draws head to one side and distorts face