Endocrine Symptoms and Diseases

Question 1

Acromegaly

Answer 1

disease characterized by large, coarse features (especially hands and face), resulting from growth hormone overproduction

Question 2

Addison’s Disease

Answer 2

Chronic adrenocortical insufficiency. Characterized by hypotension, wight loss, anorexia, weakness, and a bronze-like skin hyperpigmentation

Question 3

Cachexia

Answer 3

profound and marked state of constitutional disorder. General health or malnutrition

Question 4

Cushing Syndrome

Answer 4

resulting from an excess of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)

Question 5

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 5

widespread dysfunction of the exocrine glands occurring in infants, children, and young adults

Question 6

De Quervian thyroiditis

Answer 6

characterized by fever and painful enlargement of the thyroid gland, often following a viral infection

Question 7

Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 7

Temporary or chronic disorder of the pituitary gland involving a deficiency of the vasopressin hormone

Question 8

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 8

characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion or efficacy. Classified in to noninsulin dependent and insulin dependent

Question 9

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

Answer 9

insulin-dependent (IDDM). Type 1 diabetes mellitus is also referred to as juveline diabetes. Characterized by abrupt onset of symptoms, usually early in adolescence, when their pancreas is not making enough insulin

Question 10

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Answer 10

can be insulin dependent (IDDM), or non-insulin dependent (NIDDM). Typically referred to as adult-onset, as it usually occurs in adults over 45 who have a FHx of diabetes, are overweight, do not exercise, and/or have high cholesterol

Question 11

Dwarfism

Answer 11

congenital underdevelopment of the body

Question 12

Endemic

Answer 12

when a disease/agent is present or prevalent in a population or geographic area at all times

Question 13

Galactorrhea

Answer 13

Excessive or spontaneous flow of milk

Question 14

Goiter

Answer 14

General term for enlargement of the thyroid gland due to diminished thyroxine production but without hypothyroidism.

Question 15

Grave’s Disease

Answer 15

Characterized by hyperthyroidism and one or more of the following: goiter, exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs), and pretibial myxedema

Question 16

Hashimoto Disease

Answer 16

Chronic inflammation of the thyroid with lymphocytic infiltration of the gland, through to be caused by autoimmune disorders. This is most common cause of hypothyroidism, occurring more frequently in women.

Question 17

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 17

excessive thyroid hormone production

Question 18

Hyopothyroidism

Answer 18

deficiency in thyroid activity. Primary hypothyroidism is the most common and results in a shrunken, fibrotic thyroid. Much more common in women, often used interchangeably with myxedema

Question 19

Ketoacidosis

Answer 19

complication of diabetes mellitus, resulting from very deficient insulin modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Follows the accumulation of ketone bodies within the bodies fluids and tissues

Question 20

Obesity

Answer 20

increase in body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements

Question 21

Pheochromocytoma

Answer 21

generally benign vascular tumor of the adrenal medulla

Question 22

Simmonds disease

Answer 22

Also called panhypopituitarism. Deficiency of all hormones which are produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Question 23

Thyrotoxicosis

Answer 23

caused by excessive quantities of thyroid hormones being introduced into the tissues

Question 24

Vitiligo

Answer 24

chronic anomaly of the skin, usually progressive, consisting of depigmented white patches that may be surrounded by a hyperpigmented border