Muscles of upper limb- Forearm myology Flashcards
Anterior (flexor): Pronator Teres (superficial) with two heads
O: Humeral head: medial epicondyle and common flexor tendon
Ulnar head: medial side of coronoid process
I: Mid-lateral surface of radius (pronator tuberosity)
N: Median nerve C6, 7
B: Ulna, radial and brachial artery
A: Pronates arm at radioulnar joint
Anterior (flexor): Flexor carpi radialis (superficial)
O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Bases of second and third metacarpals
N: Median nerve C6, 7
B: Anterior/posterior recurrent ulnar artery, radial artery
A: Flexes and abducts (radial deviation) wrist joints. Flex elbow
Anterior (flexor): Palmaris longus (superficial)
O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis of hand
N: Median nerve C(6), 7, 8
B: Anterior ulnar recurrent artery, median artery
A: Flexes hand at radiocarpal joint.
Anterior (flexor): Flexor carpis ulnaris (superficial) two heads
O: Humeral head: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: medial border of olecranon and posterior border of upper two thirds of ulna
I: Pisiform bone. Hook of hamate. Base of fifth metacarpal
N: Ulnar nerve C7, 8, T1
B: Anterior ulnar recurrent artery
A: Flexes and adducts wrist.
Anterior (flexor): Flexor digitorum superficialis (intermediate) two heads
O: Humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus. Adjacent border of coronoid process.
Radial head: proximal half of the anterior border of the shaft of radius
I: Palmar aspect of 2-5 phalanges
N: Median nerve C8, T1
B: Ulnar artery, radial artery, median artery
A: Flexes fingers 2-5 at the joint between middle and proximal phalanges
Anterior (flexor): Flexor digitorum profundus (deep)
O: medial aspect of coronoid process of ulna and medial surface of ulna
I: Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the phalanges 2-5
N: Digits 2-3: Median nerve;
Digits 4-5: Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
B: Ulnar artery
A: Flexes distal interphalaneal joints of the index, middle, ring and little fingers. Bends finger between distal and middle joint
Anterior (flexor): Flexor pollicis longus (deep)
O: Anterior surface of shaft of radius. Radial half of interosseous membrane
I: Palmer surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
B: Anterior interorsseous and radial arteries
A: Flexes interphalangeal joint of thumb.
Anterior (Flexor): Pronator quadratus (deep)
O: Anterior surface of one quarter of ulna
I: Anterior aspect of distal one quarter of radius
N: Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve C7, 8
B: Anterior interosseous artery
A: Pronates forearm at radioulnar joints. Helps hold radius and ulna together, reducing stress on inferior radioulnar joint
Posterior (Extensor): Extensor carpi radialis longus (superficial)
O: Inferior one third of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Dorsal surface of base of second metacarpal
N: Radial nerve C6, 7
B: Radial artery
A: Extends and abducts wrist
Posterior (extensor): Extensor carpi radialis brevis (superficial)
O: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum
I: Dorsal surface of base of second and third metacarpals
N: Radial nerve C7, 8
B: Radial artery
A: Extends and abducts hand at radio carpal joint
Posterior (extensor): Extensor digitorum (superficial)
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon
I: Dorsal aspects of bases of middlle and distal phalanges 2-5 via 4 tendons
N: Posterior interosseous nerve C7, 8
B: Posterior interosseous artery and the radial recurrent artery.
A: Extends fingers 2-5
Posterior (extensor): Extensor carpi ulnaris (superficial)
O: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
I: Base of medial side of 5th metacarpal on ulna
N: Posterior interosseous nerve C6, 7, 8
B: Ulnar artery
A: Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint
Posterior (extensor): Extensor indicis (deep)
O: Posterior surface of ulna (distal one third)
I: Extensor hood of index finger
N: Radial nerve C7, 8
B: Ulnar artery
A: Extends index finger
Posterior (extensor): Supinator (deep) 2 parts
O: Superficial part: Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
Deep part: Supinator crest of ulna
I: Lateral surface of radius superior to the anterior oblique line
N: Posterior interosseous nerve C5, C6 (7)
B: Radial and ulna arteries
A: Supinate the forearm
Posterior (extensor): Abductor pollicis longus (deep)
O: Posterior surfaces of ulna and radius.
I: Lateral side of base of first metacarpal
N: Radial nerve C7, 8
B: Interosseous branches of the ulnar artery
A: Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb; accessory extensor of thumb
