Ligaments of the lower limb- hip, lower leg and foot Flashcards
Hip joint: Iliofemoral ligament
O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: It divides into to branches before inserting into the intertrochanteric line of femur
Function: Prevents hyperextension of the femur at the hip joint during standing
Hip joint: Pubofemoral ligament
O: Superior pubic rami
I: The intertrochanteric line of the femur
Function: Prevents excessive abduction and extension
Hip joint: Ischiofemoral ligament
O: The body of the ischium
I: The greater trochanter of the femur
Function: It has a spiral orientation and prevents hyperextension and holds the the femoral head and acetabulum.
Hip joint: Transverse ligament of the acetabulum
O: Acetabular rim
I: Acetabular labrum
Function: Supports part of the acetabular labrum. Helps hold in in place while hip is moving. Crosses over the acetabular notch
Hip joint: Acetabular labrum. What is it? Where is it? Function?
- A ring of fibre cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum
- Surrounds the bony rim of the acetabulum, bridging across the acetabular notch
- Deepens acetabulum which provides a larger articular surface so improving stability of joint.
Knee joint: Ligamentum patella
O: Apex of patella
I: Tibial tuberosity
Function: Limits flexion of the knee
Knee joint: Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
Where is it? Firmly attached to the medial meniscus
O: Medial condyle of the femur
I: Medial condyle of the tibia
Function: Provides additional stability to the knee joint
Knee joint: Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
Where is it? On the lateral surface of the joint. It is covered by the tendonof the biceps femoris muscles
O: Lateral condyle fo the femur
I: Lateral side of the head of the fibula
Function: Strengthens the lateral aspect of the joint.
Knee joint: Anterior cruciate ligament
O: A point anterior to the intercondylar area of the tibia
I: Posterior part of the medial surface of the lateral condyle
Function: Limits hyperextension of the knee. Prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur.
Knee joint: Posterior Cruciate Ligament
O: From a depression on the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia and lateral meniscus
I: Anterior part of the lateral surface of the medial condyle
Function: Prevents the posterior sliding of the tibia (and anterior sliding) when the knee is flexed. _ important when walking down stairs or a steep incline
Knee joint: Medial Meniscus
O: Anterior end is attached to the anterior intercondylar fossa of tibia, anterior to the anterior cruciate ligament
I: Posterior end is attached to the posterior intercondylar fossa of tibia between the attachments of the posterior cruciate ligament and lateral meniscus
Function: Helps compensate for the irregular shapes of bones and circulate synovial fluid. Shock absorbance
Knee joint: Lateral meniscus
O: Anterior end attached anteriorly to the intercondylar eminence of the tibia and laterally to the anterior cruciate ligament
I: Posterior end is attached posteriorly to the intercondylar eminence of the tibia and anteriorly to the posterior end of the medial meniscus.
Leg: Interosseus membrane
O: Lateral aspect of the tibia
I: Medial aspect of the fibula shafts
Function: Allows for vessels to go inbetween in the anterior and posterior compartments of the lower leg
Ankle joint: Capsule
O: Proximally, the capsule of the ankle joint is attached to the margins of the articular surfaces of the medial malleolus of the tibia and lateral malleolus of the fibula.
I: Distally, the capsule is attached to the margins of the talar trochlear surface.
Function:
Ankle joint: Anterior tibifoibular ligament
O and I: Descends between the tibia and fibula anterior to the syndesmosis
Function: Resist inversion and plantar flexion of the ankle joint
