Muscles of the upper limb- Shoulder myology Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior: Subscapularis

A

O: Medial two thirds of subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
N: Upper and lower subscapular nerves c5,6,7
B: Subscapular artery
A: Medial rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint

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2
Q

Anterior: Teres major

A

O: Posterior aspect of inferior angle of scap
I: Medial lip of bicipital groove, crest of lesser tubercle
N: Lower subscapular nerve C5-7
B: subscapular artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery
A: Medial rotation, extension, adduction of arm at glenohumeral joint

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3
Q

Anterior: Serratus anterior (boxer’s muscle)

A

O: Anterior surfaces of ribs 1-8/9
I: Costal surface of medial border of scapula
N: Long thoracic nerve C5-7
B: Lateral thoracic artery, superior thoracic artery
A: Rotates scapula for abduction and flexion of arm. Protraction of scapula

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4
Q

Anterior: Pectoralis minor

A

O: Anterior surfaces of of the sternal ends of ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
N: Medial pectoral nerve C5, (6), 7, 8, T1
B: Thoracoacromial artery
A: Abduction and protraction of scapula

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5
Q

Anterior: Pectoralis major

A

O: Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum. First seven costal cartilages. Sternal end of sixth rib. Aponeurosis of external oblique
I: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove) of humerus
N: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves. Clavicular head: C5,6 Sternocostal head: C6-8, T1
B: Thoracoacromial artery and internal thoracic artery
A: Flexion, adduction and medial rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint

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6
Q

Posterior: Supraspinatus (rotator cuff)

A

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Superior aspect on the greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve C5, 6
B: Suprascapular artery
A: Initiates abduction of arm to 15 degrees at glenohumeral joint (then deltoid takes over)

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7
Q

Posterior: Teres minor (rotator cuff)

A

O: Middle part of lateral border of scapula
I: Inferior aspect of greater tubercle of humerus
N: Axillary nerves C5,6
B: Circumflex scapular artery
A: Lateral rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint

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8
Q

Posterior: Infraspinatus (rotator cuff)

A

O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Middle part of greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve C5, 6
B: Suprascapular and Circumflex scapular arteries
A: Lateral rotattion of arm at glenohumeral joint. Stabilizees head of humerus

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9
Q

Posterior: Rhomboid major

A

O: Spinous processes of second to fifth thoracic vertebrae (T2-5) and interventing supraspinous ligaments
I: Posterior surface of medial border of scapula
N: Dorsal scapula nerve C4,5
B: Dorsal scapular artery
A: Elevate and retract scapula

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10
Q

Posterior: Rhomboid minor

A

O: Spinous processes of seventh cervical and first thoracic vertebrae (C7,T1)
I: Posterior surface of medial border of scapula at the root of spine of scapula.
N: Dorsal scapular nerve C4,5
B: Dorsal scapular artery
A: Elevate and retract scapula

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11
Q

Posterior: Latissimus dorsi

A

O: Vertebral part: Spinous processes of vertebrae T7-T12, Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac part: Posterior third of crest of ilium
Costal part: Ribs 9-12
Scapular part: Inferior angle of scapula
I: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus, between pectoralis major and teres major muscles
N: Thoracodorsal nerve C6-8
B: Thoracodorsal artery
A: Shoulder joint: Arm internal rotation, Arm adduction, Arm extension; Assists in respiration

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12
Q

Posterior: Levator scapulae

A

O: Spinous processes of T7-T12 vertebrae, spinous processes of L1-5 , via thoracolumbar fascia, 9-12 rib and iliac crest
I: Floor of bicipital groove of humerus
N: Ventral rami of C3 and C4 spinal nerves and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
B: Transverse cervical and ascending cervical arteries
A: Elevates scapula. Helps retract scapula. Helps side flex neck

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13
Q

Posterior: Deltoid (made up of three parts)

A

O: Anterior fibres: anterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle
Middle: lateral margin of acromion process
Posterior: inferior edge of border of spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: Axillary nerve C5,6
B: Posterior circumflex humeral artery.
A: Acromial part: adducts arm at joint
Scapular part: extends, laterally rotates and transversley abducts
Clavicular part: Flexes and medially rotates arm at joint

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14
Q

Posterior: Trapezius

A

O: Top part: Medial third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Transverse part: Spinous processes of C7-T4
Bottom part: Spinous processes of T5-T12
I: Top: Lateral one third of clavicle, acronium
Transverse: Acromion and medial half of spine of scap
Bottom: Medial half of spine of scap
N: Motor supply: Accessory nerve
Sensory supply: ventral rami of cervical nerves C3 and 4.
B: Dorsal scapular artery
A: Elevator of scapula, rotates the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal. Retract scapula, depress scapula

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15
Q

Anterior sternoclavicular ligament

A

Runs from the anterosuperior surface of the sternal end of the clavicle to the anterosuperior surface of the manubrium and adjacent part of the first costal cartilage.

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16
Q

Posterior sternoclavicular ligament

A

Covers the posterior aspect of the joint surfaces

17
Q

Interclavicular ligament

A

From the deep cervical fascia and connects the sternal ends of both clavicles, spanning the jugular notch.

18
Q

Costoclavicular ligament

A

Extends between the superior surface of the first costal cartilage at its lateral end and the posteroinferior surface of the clavicle which lies superiorly.

19
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament

A

Serves to connect the clavicle and the coracoid process of the scapula

20
Q

Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior)

A

Superior: from the supraglenoid tubercle to medial ridge of the intertubercular groove of the humerus. Function: prevents inferior displacement of the humerus
Middle: Inferior to the superior GH ligament to lesser tubercle of humerus. Function: Provides anterior stability
Inferior: Inferior edge of the glenoid margin to neck of humerus. Function:

21
Q

Glenohumeral joint capsule

A

Extends from the scapula to the humerus, enclosing the joint on all sides.

22
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A

Posterior aspect of coracoid process to humerus (splits into two bands where on attaches to greater tubercle the other attaches to lesser tubercle)
Function: prevents inferior displacement of the humerus

23
Q

Coracoacromial ligament (extracapular)

A

Acromion process to Coracoid process
Function: acts as a restraint to superior humeral head displacement