Muscles for strength and conditioning exam

Question 1

Origin, insertion, nerve and actions of the vastus lateralis?

Answer 1

Origin: Interochanteric line, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity

Nerve: Femoral nerve, L2-L4

Action is knee extension

The most lateral of the quadriceps

Question 2

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Biceps femoris?

Answer 2

Nerve supply: short head = fibular branch of sciatic nerve (L5, S1)
Longhead = Tibial branch of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1)
Origin: Long head: hip: ischial tuberosity.
Short head: femur: linea aspera.

Insertion: Fibula head.

Movement: Flexes the knee and extends the hip.

It is the most lateral hamstring and arises from two heads.

Question 3

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Gastrocnemius?

Answer 3

Nerve supply: S1-S2

Origin: Medial head:
Femur: medial condyle.

Lateral head:
Femur: lateral condyle.

Insertion: Calcaneus: posterior tubercle.

Movement: Flexes the knee and plantarflexes ankle.

Together with soleus it forms the bulk of the calf and the tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon). It arises via two heads, which form the lower borders of the popliteal fossa.

Question 4

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Gracilis?

Answer 4

Nerve supply: obturator nerve

Origin: Hip bone: pubis.

Insertion: Tibia.

Movement: Adducts the hip and flexes the knee.

A long, thin muscle on the medial side of the thigh.

Question 5

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Rectus femoris?

Answer 5

Nerve supply: femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Origin: Straight head:
Hip bone: anterior inferior iliac spine.

Oblique head:
Hip bone: acetabulum.

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon.

Movement: Extends the knee.

The most anterior of the quadriceps and arises from two tendinous heads.

Question 6

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Sartorius?

Answer 6

Nerve supply: femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Origin: Hip: anterior superior iliac spine.

Insertion: Tibia.

Movement: Flexes the hip and knee and rotates the femur.

The longest muscle in the body, it travels obliquely across the front of the thigh.

Question 7

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Semimembranosus?

Answer 7

Nerve supply: Tibial part of sciatic nerve; (L5, S1 and S2)

Origin: Hip: ischial tuberosity.

Insertion: Tibia.

Movement: Flexes the knee and extends the hip.

It is the most medial hamstring and is often separated into two muscle bellies by a tendinous intersection.

Question 8

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Semitendinosus?

Answer 8

Nerve supply: Sciatic (tibial, L5, S1, S2)

Origin: Hip: ischial tuberosity.

Insertion: Tibia

Movement: Flexes the knee and extends the hip.

It is the middle hamstring and becomes a long tendon.

Question 9

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Vastus intermedius?

Answer 9

Nerve supply: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Origin: Femur: shaft.

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon.

Movement: Extends the knee

The deepest of the quadriceps.

Question 10

Nerve supply, Origin, insertion and movement of the Vastus medialis?

Answer 10

Nerve supply: posterior division of the femoral nerve

Origin: Femur: linea aspera.

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon.

Movement: Extends the knee.

The most medial of the quadriceps.