MSK Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

most common adult malignancy

A

carcinoma

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2
Q

what are rhuematoid nodules

A

firm, non-tender lumps that commonly develop in people with rheumatoid arthritis
typically form subcutaneously

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3
Q

what is myosisitis ossificans

A

Abnormal calcification of a muscle haematoma following trauma
leads to ossified bone where it does not normally occur

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4
Q

symptoms of myositis ossificans

A

Pain and tenderness in the affected muscle or area.
Swelling and stiffness.
Decreased range of motion in the joint near the affected muscle.
In some cases, a palpable mass can develop as the condition progresses

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5
Q

what is myosiitis ossificans usually due to

A

post sporting injury

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6
Q

management of myositiis ossificans

A

rest, ice , NSAIDS

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7
Q

invesitagtions for myositis ossificans

A

mri

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8
Q

what is nodular fascitis

A

benign (non-cancerous) soft tissue tumor that arises from the fascia, which is the connective tissue surrounding muscles, nerves, and blood vessels

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9
Q

nodular fascitis overview

A

any age group
smallish but rapid growth rate
chaotic appearance
reassurance as management

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10
Q

what is ewings sarcoma

A

primary bone tumour of endothelila cells of the bone marrow

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11
Q

who does ewings usually occur in

A

children

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12
Q

which bones in ewings usually seen in

A

long bones

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13
Q

management of ewings

A

removal of tumour and surrounding tissue, with joint reconstruction

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14
Q

what is an osteosarcoma

A

bone cancer usually affecting long bones

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15
Q

age goup osteosarcoma usually seen in

A

paediatrics and early adulthood

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16
Q

is osteosarcoma known to be aggressive

A

yes it can metastisize easily

17
Q

name for benign skeletal tumour

A

rhabdomyoma

18
Q

endochonroma overview

A

in cartilage
in the digits usually never maligannt
tends to not affect peads

19
Q

leiomyoma overview

A

most common as smooth muscle is everywhere
often arse from large vessel walls

20
Q

pigmented villonodular synovitis

A

PVNS
type of benign tumour in synovial tissue
more destructive
difficult to excise and can often recur

21
Q

what is a rare benign tumour associated with pregnancy and gardner syndrome

A

deep fibromatosis

22
Q

characteristic xray finding of giant cell tumours

A

soap bubble appearance

23
Q

giant cell tumour overview

A

often grows near a joint at the end of bones
common around digits and smaller joints
presence of multinucleated giant cells

24
Q

what is a ganglion cysts

A

outpouchings of synovium lining joints consisting of synovial fluid

25
how are ganglion cysts not true cysts
as they have no epithelial lining
26
where are ganglion vysts common
the wrist
27
are ganglion cysts hard or soft and mobile
soft and mobile
28
what is dupuytrens
superficial fibromatosis which starts in the hand
29
overview od dupuytrens
average age 60 mjore common in males often diopathicn genetic predisposition and environmental factors
30
pathophysiology of dupuyrtrens
- Excessive myofibroblast proliferation and altered collagen matrix composition leads to thickened and contracted palpar fascia - The thickening and contracture of the subdermal fascia leads to fixed flexion deformity of fingers (NOT associated with a tendon) - Bands are primarily collagen type III
31
surgery for dupuytrens
fasciotomy
32