MSK: CALCIUM + VIT D Flashcards

1
Q

CALCIUM + VIT D: INDICATIONS

A
  • Osteoporosis
  • CKD ( Tx + Prevent Secondary Hyperparathyroidism + Renal Dystrophy)
  • Severe Hyperkalaemia (prevent life threatening arrhythmias)
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Vit D Deficiency
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2
Q

CALCIUM + VIT D: MOA

A
  • Essential for normal fxn of muscles, nerves, bone and clotting
  • Controlled by PTH and VIT D = Increase serum calcium levels and bone mineralisation
  • Calcitonin reduces serum calcium levels
  • Osteoporosis = loss of bone mass which increases risk of fracture
  • CKD = impaired phosphate excretion and reduced activation of Vit D = HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA + HYPOCALCEMIA
    => SECONDARY HYPOPARATHYROIDISM = Renal Osteodystrophy
  • Hyperkalaemia = Ca2+ raises myocardial threshold potential, reduces excitability and the risk of arrhythmias
  • Hypocalcemia and Vit D Deficiency
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3
Q

CALCIUM + VIT D: ADVERSE EFFECTS

A
  • Oral Calcium = Dyspepsia and Constipation

- IV = Cardiovascular collapse and local tissue damage

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4
Q

CALCIUM + VIT D: WARNINGS

A
  • Avoided in HYPERCALCEMIA patients
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5
Q

CALCIUM + VIT D: IMPORTANT INTERACTIONS

A
  • Reduces the absorption of many drugs including IRON BISPHOSPHONATES, TETRACYCLINES, LEVOTHYROXINE
  • Administered IV, cannot be allowed to mix with Sodium Bicarb = Risk of Precipitation
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6
Q

CALCIUM + VIT D: EXAMPLES

A
  • Calcium Carbonate
  • Calcium Gluconate
  • Colecalciferol
  • Alfacalcidol
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