CARDIO: NaCl

Question 1

NaCl: INDICATIONS

Answer 1

• Provide sodium and water IV in patients who cannot take it orally
• Expand circulating volume in states of circulatory compromise and shock
• Reconstitution and dilution of drugs

Question 2

NaCl: MOA

Answer 2

• Expands ECF Volume
• Expands circulating volume
• Provide Water and Sodium IV

Question 3

NaCl: ADVERSE EFFECTS

Answer 3

• Can cause a fall in cardiac output and precipitate heart failure by increasing left ventricular filling beyond maximal point of contractility on the starling curve
• Oedema may be caused by providing sodium more rapidly than patient can excrete it
• Hyperchloraemia as large volume infusion can generate acidosis (due to increased urinary loss of bicarbonate)

Question 4

NaCl: WARNINGS

Answer 4

• Fluid challenge should be reduced in patients with heart failure
• In renal impairment, monitor fluid balance closely

Question 5

NaCl: INTERACTIONS

Answer 5

NA

Question 6

NaCl: EXAMPLES

Answer 6

• NaCl 0.9%

- NaCl 0.45%