Mood Disorders Flashcards
Describe the etiology of depressive disorders
Describe the symptoms for depressive disorders
- S: sleep disturbance
- I: interest diminished (anhedonia)
- G: guilt
- E: energy loss
- C: concentration difficulty
- A: appetite/weight change
- P: psychomotor activity change
- S: suicidal ideation
+/- catatonia, psychosis, AVH, increased pain
Describe the diagnosis of depressive disorders (criteria, screening, etc.)
Describe the treatment of depressive disorders
Describe the etiology of adjustment disorder
Depressive symptoms occurring in response to a life change
Describe the course/treatment for adjustment disorder
Symptoms resolve within 6 mos of the end of the stressor/its consequences
Describe the etiology of seasonal affective disorder
Predictable pattern of depressive symptoms with onset & resolution at same time of year FOR AT LEAST 2 YEARS
Describe the presentation of seasonal affective disorder
- SIGECAPS depressive symptoms
- increase carb cravings, sleep, weight change
Describe the treatment for seasonal affective disorder
light therapy +/- meds
Describe the etiology of bereavement
Describe the presentation of bereavement
Describe the treatment for bereavement
Describe the etiology of premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Symptoms for several months out of the year in the weeks preceding periods
Describe the presentation of PMDD
Depressed mood, anxiety, labile moods, difficulty functioning in personal/professional/social realms, may have physical symptoms
Describe the treatment/course of PMDD
Describe the etiology & presentation of postpartum depression
Describe the etiology of serotonin syndrome
Adverse effect of SSRI, potentially life threatening from overload of serotonin
Describe the presentation of serotonin syndrome
Confusion, restlessness, fever, abnormal muscle movements, hyperreflexia, sweating, diarrhea, shivering
Describe the etiology & types of bipolar disorder
Describe the presentation of bipolar disorder
Describe the presentation of mania (specifically in bipolar disorder)
Describe the treatment of bipolar disorder
Which tool is used for screening of depression and which is used for diagnosing
Screening: PHQ-2
Diagnosing: PHQ-9
what is the general MOA of antidepressants
- increase neurotransmitters at the synaptic cleft
- alter receptor sensitivity (desensitization of beta-adrenergic or 6HT receptors)
What things are considered to base choice of antidepressant on
- prior treatment response
- what has worked for family members
- adverse effects of meds
- symptoms of depression
Describe the time to efficacy of antidepressants
- 1-4 weeks to see some improvement
- 6-8 weeks to see maximal improvement
List the 5 common first line SSRIs for depression
- citalopram (Celexa)
- escitalopram (Lexapro)
- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- paroxetine (Paxil)
- sertraline (Zoloft)
Describe how to use light therapy to treat depressive disorders
- 12-24 inches from face, eyes open
- use for 15-45 mins/day
- best response after 1 week
- adverse effects: photophobia, HA, fatigue, irritability, hypomania, insomnia
Describe the use of ECT in depressive disorders
- used in severe refractory MDD +/- psychosis
- rapidly resolves acute suicidal drive
- adverse effects: amnesia
- often requires several treatments
- used with meds & therapy
- 80-90% effective
What are some alternative methods/supplements to treat depressive disorders
- St. John’s Wort
- cannabis
- psilocybin
- cold water immersion
How many depressive episodes until someone is typically on lifelong antidepressants
3 episodes
Describe some side effects/AEs of SSRIs
- decreased libido
- weight change
- increased SI in adolescents
