GI Anatomy TA Questions

Question 1

List the retroperitoneal organs

Answer 1

SAD PUCKER
- Suprarenal (adrenal) gland
- Aorta/IVC
- Duodenum (2nd and 3rd part)
- Pancreas (except tail)
- Ureters
- Colon
- Kidneys
- Esophagus
- Rectum

Question 2

What is the difference between the superficial fascia of the anterior abdominal wall compared above and below the line joining the two ASI?

Answer 2

Above the line joining the two ASI: single layered. Below the line joining the two ASI: double layered.

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

what actions do the anterior abdominal wall muscles provide?

Answer 4

lateral flexion & rotation of the trunk

Question 5

what innervates the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 5

intercostal nerves T7-T12

Question 6

The internal oblique & transverse abdominis aponeurosis fuse to form what

Answer 6

falx inguinalis (conjoint tendon)

Question 7

the inguinal ligament (poupart’s) is formed by the aponeurosis of what muscle

Answer 7

external oblique

Question 8

what happens to the posterior rectus sheath below the arcuate line

Answer 8

it is absent - the rectus abdominis muscle is in contact with transversalis fascia

Question 9

what is the function of the rectus sheath

Answer 9

Question 10

the inferior epigastric artery is a branch of what

Answer 10

external iliac artery

Question 11

the superior epigastric artery is a branch of what artery

Answer 11

internal thoracic

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

What are the contents of the spermatic cord

Answer 13

Question 14

which nerve runs along the spermatic cord

Answer 14

ilio-inguinal nerve

Question 15

if the ilio-inguinal nerve is cut during hernia repair, what does the patient report

Answer 15

Question 16

the inguinal canal in women puts them at lower risk for developing inguinal hernias, why?

Answer 16

the canal is narrower in females

Question 17

what are the borders of the inguinal triangle of hesselbach

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

indirect

Question 19

Answer 19

direct

Question 20

what is the most common type of inguinal hernia, direct or indirect?

Answer 20

Question 21

what is the name of the lymphatics in the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 21

cisterna chyli

Question 22

where is the lesser sac of the omentum situated

Answer 22

behind the stomach

Question 23

how do the two sacs of the omentum communicate

Answer 23

foramen of winslow (epiploic)

Question 24

what is the function of the greater/gastro-colic omentum

Answer 24

stores fat, wraps inflamed organ to prevent the spread of infection, “police man”

Question 25

what is the narrowest part of the GI tract

Answer 25

esophagus

Question 26

what are the 5 ligaments of the stomach

Answer 26

• lesser omentum
• greater omentum
• gastro-splenic
• gastro-phrenic
• L or superior gastro-pancreatic

Question 27

the abdominal aorta becomes what artery before branching into the internal & external common iliac arteries

Answer 27

common iliac artery

Question 28

what is the blood supply to the stomach

Answer 28

celiac trunk

Question 29

Answer 29

At the junction of duodenum and jejunum – fibromuscular band

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

Answer 31

retrocecal (MC position - 60%)

Question 32

the appendicular artery is a branch of what artery

Answer 32

Question 33

what is the blood supply to the duodenum

Answer 33

Question 34

what is the blood supply to the jejunum & ileum

Answer 34

super mesenteric artery

Question 35

the internal and external iliac vein join to form the common iliac vein, further draining into what?

Answer 35

inferior vena cava

Question 36

the splenic vein drains through what before entering the IVC

Answer 36

hepatic portal vein

Question 37

what are the 4 constrictures of the esophagus

Answer 37

at the level of C6, T4, T6, and T10

Question 38

where do the veins of the stomach drain into

Answer 38

portal vein

Question 39

while watching TV after a large meal, what nerve is active in the stomach

Answer 39

vagus

Question 40

what is the name of the gland sin the duodenum that secrete alkaline mucus

Answer 40

duodenal (brunner’s) glands

Question 41

the ileum has peyer’s patches, what is their function

Answer 41

protect against bacteria

Question 42

Answer 42

Question 43

what is the name of the nerve plexus that controls GI tract motility

Answer 43

myenteric (auerbach’s) plexus

Question 44

where does the falciform ligament lie

Answer 44

between the R and L lobes of the liver

Question 45

the ligamentus teres (round ligament) is a remnant of what structure

Answer 45

fetal umbilical vein

Question 46

the union of what two ducts forms the bile duct

Answer 46

common hepatic duct (leaving the liver) and cystic duct (connects the gallbladder)

Question 47

Answer 47

Lund’s node (or mascagni’s node)

Question 48

what vessel is contained within the triangle of calot

Answer 48

cystic artery

Question 49

what are the macrophages of the liver called

Answer 49

kupffer cells

Question 50

what is meckel’s diverticulum

Answer 50

Question 51

Answer 51

Wilson’s disease

Question 52

what are the 3 ligaments of the spleen

Answer 52

Question 53

Answer 53

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 54

what are the 4 basic layers of the alimentary canal

Answer 54

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis external, serosa

Question 55

Answer 55

achalasia

Question 56

zenker’s diverticulum is a false diverticulum located at the junction of what

Answer 56

pharynx and esophagus

Question 57

Answer 57

Question 58

Answer 58

pyloric stenosis

Question 59

Answer 59

Question 60

Answer 60

fat

Question 61

a patient presents complaining of night blindness, what vitamin may they be deficient in

Answer 61

Vit A

Question 62

Answer 62

1-8 hours

Question 63

Answer 63

undercooked beef, unpasteurized milk, contaminated water