GI Anatomy TA Questions Flashcards
List the retroperitoneal organs
SAD PUCKER
- Suprarenal (adrenal) gland
- Aorta/IVC
- Duodenum (2nd and 3rd part)
- Pancreas (except tail)
- Ureters
- Colon
- Kidneys
- Esophagus
- Rectum
What is the difference between the superficial fascia of the anterior abdominal wall compared above and below the line joining the two ASI?
Above the line joining the two ASI: single layered. Below the line joining the two ASI: double layered.
what actions do the anterior abdominal wall muscles provide?
lateral flexion & rotation of the trunk
what innervates the anterior abdominal wall
intercostal nerves T7-T12
The internal oblique & transverse abdominis aponeurosis fuse to form what
falx inguinalis (conjoint tendon)
the inguinal ligament (poupart’s) is formed by the aponeurosis of what muscle
external oblique
what happens to the posterior rectus sheath below the arcuate line
it is absent - the rectus abdominis muscle is in contact with transversalis fascia
what is the function of the rectus sheath
the inferior epigastric artery is a branch of what
external iliac artery
the superior epigastric artery is a branch of what artery
internal thoracic
What are the contents of the spermatic cord
which nerve runs along the spermatic cord
ilio-inguinal nerve
if the ilio-inguinal nerve is cut during hernia repair, what does the patient report
the inguinal canal in women puts them at lower risk for developing inguinal hernias, why?
the canal is narrower in females
what are the borders of the inguinal triangle of hesselbach
indirect
direct
what is the most common type of inguinal hernia, direct or indirect?
what is the name of the lymphatics in the posterior abdominal wall
cisterna chyli
where is the lesser sac of the omentum situated
behind the stomach
how do the two sacs of the omentum communicate
foramen of winslow (epiploic)
what is the function of the greater/gastro-colic omentum
stores fat, wraps inflamed organ to prevent the spread of infection, “police man”
what is the narrowest part of the GI tract
esophagus
what are the 5 ligaments of the stomach
- lesser omentum
- greater omentum
- gastro-splenic
- gastro-phrenic
- L or superior gastro-pancreatic
the abdominal aorta becomes what artery before branching into the internal & external common iliac arteries
common iliac artery
what is the blood supply to the stomach
celiac trunk
At the junction of duodenum and jejunum – fibromuscular band
retrocecal (MC position - 60%)
the appendicular artery is a branch of what artery
what is the blood supply to the duodenum
what is the blood supply to the jejunum & ileum
super mesenteric artery
the internal and external iliac vein join to form the common iliac vein, further draining into what?
inferior vena cava
the splenic vein drains through what before entering the IVC
hepatic portal vein
what are the 4 constrictures of the esophagus
at the level of C6, T4, T6, and T10
where do the veins of the stomach drain into
portal vein
while watching TV after a large meal, what nerve is active in the stomach
vagus
what is the name of the gland sin the duodenum that secrete alkaline mucus
duodenal (brunner’s) glands
the ileum has peyer’s patches, what is their function
protect against bacteria
what is the name of the nerve plexus that controls GI tract motility
myenteric (auerbach’s) plexus
where does the falciform ligament lie
between the R and L lobes of the liver
the ligamentus teres (round ligament) is a remnant of what structure
fetal umbilical vein
the union of what two ducts forms the bile duct
common hepatic duct (leaving the liver) and cystic duct (connects the gallbladder)
Lund’s node (or mascagni’s node)
what vessel is contained within the triangle of calot
cystic artery
what are the macrophages of the liver called
kupffer cells
what is meckel’s diverticulum
Wilson’s disease
what are the 3 ligaments of the spleen
stratified squamous epithelium
what are the 4 basic layers of the alimentary canal
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis external, serosa
achalasia
zenker’s diverticulum is a false diverticulum located at the junction of what
pharynx and esophagus
pyloric stenosis
fat
a patient presents complaining of night blindness, what vitamin may they be deficient in
Vit A
1-8 hours
undercooked beef, unpasteurized milk, contaminated water
