Module 30: Challenges during Prenatal and Childhood

Question 1

What can malnutrition result to in prenatal development?

Answer 1

Malnutrition results to fetal growth restriction and low birth weight

Question 2

Thalidomide

Answer 2

caused stunted limbs, facial deformities, and defective organs

Question 3

What are some other drugs that can be harmful for pregnant women?

Answer 3

Another set of drugs that are harmful for pregnant women: Antibiotics, certain Barbiturates, Opiates, Acutane

Question 4

What are opioids associated with in prenatal development?

Answer 4

Opioids are associated with small babies, fetal death, preterm labor, and aspiration of meconium

Question 5

Neonate Abstinence Syndrome

Answer 5

sleep disturbance, tremors, difficulty regulating the body, irritability, crying and etc.

Question 6

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 6

characterized by a combination of retarded growth, face and body malformations, and disorders of the central nervous system

Question 7

Caffeine

Answer 7

Caffeine has slightly increased risk for miscarriage, stillbirth, and low birth weight babies

Question 8

Rubella

Answer 8

Rubella almost certain to cause deafness and heart defects to babies

Question 9

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 9

caused by parasite in the bodies of cattle, sheep, and pigs, and in the intestinal tracts of cats that causes fetal brain damage, severely impaired eyesight, seizures, miscarriage, etc.

Question 10

Breech Position

Answer 10

baby’s buttocks are the first part to emerge from the vagina which can cause respiratory problems

Question 11

Complications in Prenatal Development

Answer 11

bleeding, infection, damage to pelvic organs, post-operative pains, riskier future pregnancies

Question 12

APGAR Scale

Answer 12

widely used to assess the health of newborns at 1-5 mins after birth

Question 13

Scores in the APGAR Scale

Answer 13

+ 3 or below, emergency and the baby might not survive
+ 5, developmental difficulties
+ 7-10, condition is good
+ 9-10 score, risk of developing ADHD in childhood

Question 14

Anoxia

Answer 14

lack of oxygen

Question 15

Hypoxia

Answer 15

reduced oxygen supply

Question 16

What are the reasons for anoxia or hypoxia occurring during delivery?

Answer 16

Anoxia or Hypoxia may occur during delivery as a result of repeated compression of the placenta and umbilical cord that could leave permanent brain damage, mental retardation, behavior problems or even death

Question 17

Meconium

Answer 17

stringy, greenish-black waste matter formed in the fetal intestinal tract

Question 18

Neonatal Jaundice

Answer 18

skin and eyeballs look yellow caused by immaturity of the liver

Question 19

Low Birth Weight Infants

Answer 19

weigh less than 5 pounds and 8 ounces at birth

Question 20

Very Low birth Weight

Answer 20

less than 3 pounds 4 ounces

Question 21

Extremely Low Birth

Answer 21

less than 2 pounds

Question 22

Pre-term Infants

Answer 22

born three weeks or more before pregnancy reach full term (before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation)

Question 23

Small for Date Infants (Small for Gestational Age Infants)

Answer 23

those whose birth weight is below normal when the length of pregnancy is considered

Question 24

Progestin

Answer 24

might help in reducing preterm birth

Question 25

Extremely Preterm

Answer 25

born less than 28 weeks gestation

Question 26

Very Preterm

Answer 26

less than 33 weeks

Question 27

Kangaroo Care

Answer 27

involves skin-to-skin contact in which the baby, wearing only diaper, is held upright
against the parent’s bare chest to help stabilize the preterm’s heartbeat, temp, and breathing