Module 30: Challenges during Prenatal and Childhood Flashcards
What can malnutrition result to in prenatal development?
Malnutrition results to fetal growth restriction and low birth weight
Thalidomide
caused stunted limbs, facial deformities, and defective organs
What are some other drugs that can be harmful for pregnant women?
Another set of drugs that are harmful for pregnant women: Antibiotics, certain Barbiturates, Opiates, Acutane
What are opioids associated with in prenatal development?
Opioids are associated with small babies, fetal death, preterm labor, and aspiration of meconium
Neonate Abstinence Syndrome
sleep disturbance, tremors, difficulty regulating the body, irritability, crying and etc.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
characterized by a combination of retarded growth, face and body malformations, and disorders of the central nervous system
Caffeine
Caffeine has slightly increased risk for miscarriage, stillbirth, and low birth weight babies
Rubella
Rubella almost certain to cause deafness and heart defects to babies
Toxoplasmosis
caused by parasite in the bodies of cattle, sheep, and pigs, and in the intestinal tracts of cats that causes fetal brain damage, severely impaired eyesight, seizures, miscarriage, etc.
Breech Position
baby’s buttocks are the first part to emerge from the vagina which can cause respiratory problems
Complications in Prenatal Development
bleeding, infection, damage to pelvic organs, post-operative pains, riskier future pregnancies
APGAR Scale
widely used to assess the health of newborns at 1-5 mins after birth
Scores in the APGAR Scale
+ 3 or below, emergency and the baby might not survive
+ 5, developmental difficulties
+ 7-10, condition is good
+ 9-10 score, risk of developing ADHD in childhood
Anoxia
lack of oxygen
Hypoxia
reduced oxygen supply
What are the reasons for anoxia or hypoxia occurring during delivery?
Anoxia or Hypoxia may occur during delivery as a result of repeated compression of the placenta and umbilical cord that could leave permanent brain damage, mental retardation, behavior problems or even death
Meconium
stringy, greenish-black waste matter formed in the fetal intestinal tract
Neonatal Jaundice
skin and eyeballs look yellow caused by immaturity of the liver
Low Birth Weight Infants
weigh less than 5 pounds and 8 ounces at birth
Very Low birth Weight
less than 3 pounds 4 ounces
Extremely Low Birth
less than 2 pounds
Pre-term Infants
born three weeks or more before pregnancy reach full term (before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation)
Small for Date Infants (Small for Gestational Age Infants)
those whose birth weight is below normal when the length of pregnancy is considered
Progestin
might help in reducing preterm birth
Extremely Preterm
born less than 28 weeks gestation
Very Preterm
less than 33 weeks
Kangaroo Care
involves skin-to-skin contact in which the baby, wearing only diaper, is held upright
against the parent’s bare chest to help stabilize the preterm’s heartbeat, temp, and breathing
