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TOS DevPsych > Module 27: Expected Development in Young Adulthood > Flashcards

Module 27: Expected Development in Young Adulthood Flashcards

1
Q

What may stress lead in for young adults?

A

Stress may lead young adults to engage in risky behaviors, eat unhealthily, have poor quality of sleep, etc.

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2
Q

Emotion-Focused Coping

A

manage emotions by refusing to think about an issue or reframing the event in the positive light

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3
Q

Problem-Focused Coping

A

involves addressing an issue head-on and developing action-oriented ways of managing and changing a bad situation

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4
Q

Premenstrual Syndrome

A

+ Disorder that produces physical discomfort and emotional tension for up to 2 weeks before menstrual period
+ Response to monthly surges of female hormones
+ More typical in women in their 30s or older

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5
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

caused by contractions of the uterus which are set in motion by prostaglandin

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6
Q

Infertility

A

inability to conceive a baby

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7
Q

Common causes of infertility in women

A

failure to produce ova, mucus in the cervix or disease of the uterine lining

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8
Q

Reflective Thinking

A

+ Active, persistent, and careful consideration of information or beliefs
+ Continually question facts, draw inferences, and make connections
+ Frequently engage in critical thinking

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9
Q

What is the development of the brain at 20-25 years of age?

A

At approx. 20-25 years of age, the brain forms new neurons, synapses, and dendritic connections, and the cortical regions that handle higher-level thinking become fully myelinated

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10
Q

Postformal Thought

A

+ characterized by the ability to deal with inconsistency, contradiction, and compromise
+ draws on intuition and emotion as well as logic to help people cope with situations such as social dilemmas
+ use of both logic and experience

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11
Q

What does postformal thought acknowledge?

A

Acknowledges that there may be more than one valid way of viewing an issue and that the world is made up of shades of gray (Relativistic Thought)

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12
Q

Provisional

Postformal Thought

A

many young adults become more skeptical about what the truth is

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13
Q

Stages of Schaie: A Lifespan Model of Cognitive Development

A
  1. Acquisitive Stage (Childhood and Adolescence)
  2. Achieving Stage (Late teens or early twenties to thirties)
  3. Responsible Stage (Late 30s to early 60s)
  4. Executive Stage (30s or 40s through middle age)
  5. Reorganizational Stage (end of middle age, beginning of late adulthood)
  6. Reintegrative Stage (Late Adulthood)
  7. Legacy-Creating Stage (advanced old age)
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14
Q

Acquisitive Stage (Childhood and Adolescence)

A

Children acquire info and skills mainly for their own sake or as preparation in society

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15
Q

Achieving Stage (Late teens or early twenties to thirties)

A

They use what they know to pursue goals

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16
Q

Responsible Stage (Late 30s to early 60s)

A

Use their minds to solve practical problems associated with responsibilities to others

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17
Q

Executive Stage (30s or 40s through middle age)

A

Responsible for societal systems or social movements

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18
Q

Reorganizational Stage (end of middle age, beginning of late adulthood)

A

Enter retirement, reorganize their lives and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits that take place of paid work

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19
Q

Reintegrative Stage (Late Adulthood)

A

Focus on the purpose of what they do and concentrate on tasks that have most meaning for them

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20
Q

Legacy-Creating Stage (advanced old age)

A

Older people may create instructions for the disposition of prized possessions, make funeral arrangements, provide oral histories, or write their life stories as legacy for their loved ones

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21
Q

Componential Knowledge

A

analytical abilities

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22
Q

Experiential Intelligence

A

original thinking, experience-based

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23
Q

Contextual Intelligence

A

knowing your way around

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24
Q

Tacit Knowledge

A

+ inside information, know-how, “hacks”, not formally taught or openly expressed; commonsense knowledge of how to get aged
+ Includes self-management, management of tasks, and management of others

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25
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

refers to four related skills: the abilities to perceive, use, understand, and manage or regulate emotions to achieve goals

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26
Q

Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test

A

measures emotional intelligence through an individual’s abilities to perceive, comprehend, act on, and manage emotional information

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27
Q

Kohlberg’s Postconventional Morality

A

In Kohlberg’s Postconventional Morality, people became more capable of fully principled moral reasoning, and that they made moral decisions on the basis of universal principles of justice

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28
Q

What affects one’s understanding of morality?

A

Culture affects the understanding of morality

29
Q

What do students realize when they gain more experience and think more deeply?

A

As students gain more experience and think more deeply, they begin to realize that much knowledge and many values are somewhat relative

30
Q

Commitment within Relativism

A

students decide for themselves, ideally, what they want to believe

31
Q

What does the completion of college depend on?

A

Whether a person completes college may depend not only on motivation, academic aptitude, and preparation, and ability to work independently, but also on social integration and social support

32
Q

In what kinds of jobs do people grow in?

A

People seem to grow in challenging jobs

33
Q

Substantive Complexity

A

the degree of thought and independent judgement it requires – and a person’s flexibility in coping with cognitive demands

34
Q

Spillover Hypothesis

A

cognitive gains from work carry over to nonworking hours

35
Q

What does an intimate relationship require?

A

Intimate relationship requires self-awareness, empathy, the ability to communicate emotions, resolve conflict, and sustain commitments

36
Q

Why are friendships during young adulthood less stable?

A

Friendships during young adulthood are much less stable because people relocate more frequently

37
Q

What do adulthood friendships tend to center on?

A

They tend to center on work, sharing confidence and advice

38
Q

What biological sex is more likely to have intimate friendships?

A

Women have more intimate friendships than men

39
Q

What do men more likely do in their friendships?

A

Men are more likely to share information and activities

40
Q

Fictive Kin

A

treated as family members despite a lack of blood relationship

41
Q

Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love

A

states that the way love develops is a story; the loves are its authors, and the story they create reflects their personalities and their conceptions of love

42
Q

What are the three elements of love according to Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?

A

a. Intimacy
b. Passion
c. Commitment

43
Q

Intimacy

A

emotional element, involves self- disclosure, which leads to connection, warmth, and trust

44
Q

Passion

A

motivational element, based on inner drives that translate physiological arousal into sexual desire

45
Q

Commitment

A

cognitive element, the decision to love and make the relationship work (exclusive or marry)

46
Q

What are the different types of relationships?

A
  1. Nonlove
  2. Liking
  3. Infatuation
  4. Empty Love
  5. Companionate Love
  6. Fatuous Love
  7. Romantic Love
  8. Consummate Love
47
Q

Nonlove

A

+ No intimacy, passion, nor commitment
+ Casual Interactions

e.g., friends, acquaintances

48
Q

Liking

A

+ Intimacy present
+ There is closeness, understanding, emotional support, affection, bondedness, and warmth

49
Q

Infatuation

A

+ Passion present
+ Strong physical attraction

50
Q

Empty Love

A

+ Commitment only
+ Found in long-term relationship that have lost both intimacy and passion

51
Q

Companionate Love

A

+ Intimacy and Commitment present
+ Long-term, committed friendship, no physical attraction

52
Q

Fatuous Love

A

+ Passion and Commitment only
+ Couple makes commitment without allowing themselves to develop intimacy

53
Q

Romantic Love

A

+ Passion and Intimacy only
+ Drawn to each other physically and bonded emotionally but not committed to each other

54
Q

Consummate Love

A

All three components of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love completed (Intimacy, Passion, Commitment)

55
Q

What are some reasons for young adults staying single?

A

Some young adults stay single because they have not found the right mate, some are single by choice

56
Q

Friends With Benefits

A

relationships of friendships blended with physical intimacy, but little commitment

57
Q

Gay & Lesbian Relationships

A

+ Gay and Lesbian relationships mirror heterosexual relationships
+ More likely to negotiate household chores on a more egalitarian basis
+ Resolve conflicts in more positive ways
+ Less stable
+ Lesbian couples are more likely to divorce than gay couples

58
Q

Cohabitation

A

unmarried couple involved in sexual relationship live together

59
Q

When are young adults most likely to marry?

A

Most young adults plan to marry, but only when they feel ready, and they see getting on their feet financially and establishing themselves in a stable jobs or careers

60
Q

Who tend to be happier: married or unmarried people?

A

Married people tend to be happier than unmarried people

61
Q

What is an important factor that impacts the quality of a relationship?

A

Sex impacts relationship quality

62
Q

What do women tend to place more importance on when it comes to relationships?

A

Women tend to place more importance on emotional expressiveness than men do

63
Q

Parental Investment Theory

A

sex differences in mate preferences and mating behavior are based on the different amounts of time and effort men and women must invest in child rearing

64
Q

Social Role Theory

A

sex differences in mate preferences and mating behavior are adaptations to gender roles

65
Q

Assortative Mating (Homogamy)

A

tendency to mate with someone who has traits similar to one’s own

66
Q

Donald Super’s Career Development Tasks

A
  1. Crystallization
  2. Specialization
  3. Implement
67
Q

Crystallization

A

develop and plan a tentative vocational goal

68
Q

Specialization

A

convert generalized preference into a specific choice

69
Q

Implement

A

completing appropriate training and securing a position in the chosen occupation

TOS DevPsych (35 decks)

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