Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TOS DevPsych > Module 10: Attachment Theory > Flashcards

Module 10: Attachment Theory Flashcards

1
Q

Attachment

A

reciprocal, enduring emotional tie between an infant and a caregiver, each of whom contributes to the quality of the relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Strange Situation

A

by Mary Ainsworth; designed to assess attachment patterns between infant and adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the different attachment styles according to Ainsworth?

A
  1. Secure Attachment
  2. Avoidant (Insecure) Attachment
  3. Ambivalent (Resistant) Attachment
  4. Disorganized-Disoriented Attachment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Secure Attachment

A

+ flexible, resilient
+ secure attachment in early development becomes a foundation for psychological development later
+ grow up as secured adults, can speak about attachment relationships with feeling but will also be thoughtful and reflective
+ balances dependency and exploration,
balances emotion and thought
+ low avoidance, low anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kinds of parenting styles can result to secure attachment?

A

Sensitive and Responsive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Avoidant (Insecure) Attachment

A

+ outwardly unaffected by a caregiver leaving or returning
+ not distressed if caregiver leaves, do not reestablish contact when they return
+ grow up as dismissing adults, attachment is devalued and dismissed by these adults with concomitant emphasis on though separated from emotions
+ low anxiety, high avoidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What parenting styles result to avoidant (insecure) attachment?

A

Inconsistent, often unresponsive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ambivalent (Resistant) Attachment

A

+ generally anxious even before the caregiver leaves
+ cling to the caregiver then push them away when comforted
+ grow up as enmeshed adults (pre-occupied), cannot turn their attention away from attachment, provide contradictory, rapidly alternating views of their attachment relationships accompanied by a gush of vivid memories
+ low avoidance, high anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What parenting styles result in Ambivalent (Resistant) Attachment?

A

rejecting-unresponsive or intrusive-overly stimulating (inconsistent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Disorganized-Disoriented Attachment

A

+ lack a cohesive strategy to deal with the stress of the strange situation; they show contradictory, repetitive, or misdirected behaviors; confused and afraid
+ strong patterns of avoidance and resistance or display certain specified behaviors such as extreme fearfulness
+ have psychopathological tendencies
+ high avoidance, high anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What parenting styles result in Disorganized-Disoriented Attachment?

A

frightened and frightening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of relationships do children who have secure attachments have?

A

Children who were classified as securely attached were more likely to have better relationships with peers and teachers in later childhood than those classified as insecure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What causes the attachment styles according to Bowlby?

A

According to Bowlby, attachment styles resulted from repeated interactions with a caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stranger Anxiety

A

wariness of a person she does not know

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Separation Protest

A

crying when caregiver leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

At what age do babies negatively react to strangers?

A

Babies react negatively to strangers by 8 or 9 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mutual Regulation

A

the ability of both infant and caregiver to respond appropriately and sensitively to
each other’s mental and emotional states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Social Referencing

A

seeking emotional information to guide behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Five Stages of Attachment Development

A
  1. Stage 1 (birth to 3 months)
  2. Stage 2 (3 to 6 months)
  3. Stage 3 (6 to 9 months)
  4. Stage 4 (9 to 12 months)
  5. Stage 5 (12 months and older)
20
Q

Stage 1 (birth to 3 months)

A

Infants uses sucking, rooting, grasping, smiling, etc. to maintain closeness with caregivers

21
Q

Stage 2 (3 to 6 months)

A

more responsive to familiar figures than to strangers (responsive to mama only)

22
Q

Stage 3 (6 to 9 months)

A

infants seeks physical proximity and contact with objects of attachment (finding mama)

23
Q

Stage 4 (9 to 12 months)

A

Infants form internal mental representation of object of attachment, including expectations about caregiver’s typical responses to signals of distress (forming mental rep of objects of attachment)

24
Q

Stage 5 (12 months and older)

A

child uses variety of behaviors to influence the behavior of the objects of attachment in ways that will satisfy needs for safety and closeness

25
Q

Attachment Behavior System (Bowlby)

A

a complex set of reflexes and signaling behaviors that bring about caregiving responses from adults

26
Q

When does the attachment behavior system activate usually?

A

When the child is frightened or separated from the mother, the attachment system is activated and the child will seek proximity or physical closeness to the mother

27
Q

According to the attachment behavior system, what is the child most motivated to attain?

A

The child is motivated to attain a sense of security, a subjective experience of safety and well-being

28
Q

What happens when the child feels secure?

A

When the child feels secure, the attachment system is deactivated and the exploratory system is turned on

29
Q

What is the primary drive of the attachment behavior system?

A

Attachment is a primary drive

30
Q

Principle of Monotropy

Bowlby – Attachment Theory

A

need to form attachment to one significant person

31
Q

Internal Working Model of Attachment

Bowlby – Attachment Theory

A

through repeated attachment experiences, the child develops expectations about the availability and responsiveness of the mother

32
Q

Separation Anxiety

Bowlby – Attachment Theory

A

distress when a familiar caregiver leaves her

33
Q

Protest

Bowlby – Attachment Theory

A

upon the disappearance of the caregiver, the infant will cry, and will resist soothing from others

34
Q

Despair

Bowlby – Attachment Theory

A

when the separation is prolonged, the infant becomes quiet, sad, passive, and apathetic

35
Q

Detachment

Bowlby – Attachment Theory

A

infants become emotionally detached from other people

36
Q

Psychological Birth

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

focused on independence, how the child grows entirely dependent being to one who is relatively independent, both physically and psychologically

37
Q

How old are the individuals who undergo the Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory?

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

1-3 years old

38
Q

According to the Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory, what does the successful completion of developmental stages lead to?

A

Successful completion of the developmental stages in first few years of life results in separation and individuation

39
Q

Separation

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

internal process of mental separation from the mother

40
Q

Individuation

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

developing self-concept

41
Q

According to the Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory, how does the child develop independence from the mother?

A

the child’s developing capacity to represent the mother, allows his/her independence from the mother

42
Q

Until what age do children exist in a symbiotic phase?

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

Children exist in a symbiotic phase until they reach about 6 months of age

43
Q

How does the infant see the environment according to the Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory?

A

They are unaware of their surroundings and others and only are cognizant of themselves as one with their mothers

44
Q

What happens as the child matures?

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

As the child matures, perception of his or her mother begins to evolve and the child internalizes the images of her

45
Q

What could disruptions in normal developmental trajectory lead to?

Mahler – Separation-Individuation Theory

A

Disruptions in normal developmental trajectory could lead to maladaptive behavior

TOS DevPsych (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions