Module 1 Handouts Flashcards
What are the 5 “P’s?”
Partners, Practices, Protection from STDs, Past history of STDs, Prevention of pregnancy
To assess the risk of contracting an STD, what is important about the pt’s partners must you know?
The number and gender
Why is it important to ask about the patients sexual practices?
It’s funny. Jk. It asseses the pt’s risk of things, determines necessary testing, and sites to collect for STD testing.
What is the vulva?
All female external genital structures: hair, folds of skin, urinary and vaginal openings
What is the labia majora?
Located beneath the mons, containing fat and nerve endings as at the mons
What is the labia minora?
“inner lips.” Hairless, devoid of fat but highly vascular as is the labia majora.
What the hood that covers the clitoris and frenulum?
Prepuce
Describe the anatomy of the clitoris
Primarily a sensory organ with an intensive sensory nerve supply in the glans.
Its body is formed from two corpora cavernosa and a single corpus spongiosum
forming an external shaft.
What may form under the hood causing pain during sexual
arousal and activity.
Smegma
What is the vestibule?
The area bound by the clitoris, labia minora, and fourchette; the area of the vulva inside
the labia minora. The urinary and vaginal opening are within the vestibule; the clitoris is
not
What is the introitus?
Opening of the vagina
What is the hymen?
Thin fold of skin, the size of the orifice at the introitus; thickness and elasticity are
variable. A strand may remain after vaginal penetration becoming caught or stretched
during intercourse causing discomfort.
Where are the Bartholin/greater vestibular glands? Their fxn?
The ducts lie at the attachments of the hymen. They discharge
mucoid secretions late during sexual arousal
What are the recesses at the upper end of the vagina surrounding the cervix?
Fornices
What is the position of the uterus on the vagina?
Anterverted
What is the parametrium?
A radiating mesh of connective tissue that connects the upper vagina and cervix to the
side walls of the pelvis
How many ova does the ovaries hold?
40,000 to 400,000 mature ova
What is the failure of a testis to completely descending into the scrotum
Cryptorchidism
Which muscle controls the level of the testes?
The dartos muscle
During impending orgasm which muscle pulls the testicles up to maximum elevation?
Cremaster muscle
Which cells produce steroid hormones in the testes?
Interstitial Leydig cells
Which cells give rise to spermatozoa?
Tubular cells
Which glands secrete 70% of the accessory seminal fluid?
Seminal vesicles
Which gland secretes the othjer 30% of seminal fluid?
prostate
What is the consistency of the seminal vesicle fluid?
It’s an alkaline, fructose rich fluid to supply nutrition to sperm for their
motility
What is the consistency of the prostatic fluid?
The secretions consist of a thin milky alkaline
substance that counteracts the unfavorable acidity of the male urethra and the female
vaginal tract
Which glands make pre-ejactulate?
Bulbourethral/cowpers
Does precum have sperm?
IT MAY. DONT SPRAY AND PRAY PEOPLE.
What is the average size of penis?
3-4 inches flaccid and 6 inches erect
What are the purpose of kegel exercises in men?
stronger and more pleasurable orgasms, better ejaculatory control, an increase in pelvic sensation with arousal
What is the frenulum?
The longitudinal fold of skin where prepuce is attached to the glans. The separation of
the prepuce from the glans is sometimes not complete
According to Masters and Johnson, what are the 4 phases of the sexual response?
- Excitement Phase
- Plateau phase
- Orgasmic Phase
- Resolution Phase
What are the 2 sources for vasoconstriction in the initial part of excitement phase?
Psychic (by the brain), or reflective (by direct stimulation)
Where is the Grafenberg (G) spot? Its fxn?
located at the anterior wall of
vagina, 1 cm from the surface 1/3 to ½ way in from the vaginal opening consists of system of
skene’s glands and ducts surrounding the urethra. It constitutes the female counterpart of the
male prostate with the same embryonic tissue
Which arteries in the penis are used for erection?
L & R internal pudental arteries - L & R perineal arteries + common penile artery - L & R deep
artery of the penis + dorsal artery of the penis.
What does NO have to do with an erection?
nitric oxide
activates cGMP which allows smooth muscle relaxation –> erection
How does viagra work?
Viagra inhibits PDE 5, which degradates cGMP, Increasing cGMPwith Viagra promots smooth muscle relaxation and erection.
Does orgasm always mean ejaculation?
No. There can be a buildup of neural excitation leading to a critical level where a threshold is
exceeded and an internal physical event occurs
True or false: You need direct stimulation of the penis for ejaculation to occur.
False. Men can ejaculate without direct genital stimulation. Occurs with wet dreams or if you open your window and a breeze rolls in and you JIZZ IN YOUR PANTS.
What are 2 important ways to remove barries about sexual health?
- education, 2. convincing physicians to proactively address sexual health
In the US, how many people have died from HIV?
400,000
How many people in the US are infected with HIV?
over 1 million
What are the components of the PLISSIT model to sexual health?
Permission (to discuss sex), Limited Information (clarify myths), Specific Suggestions (for the problem), and Intensive Treatment.
