2.6 Flashcards
What is the % prevalence of sexual assault in men and women?
Lifetime prevalence of sexual assault in the United States is estimated to be 18 percent in women and 3 percent in men.
What % of women know their attacker?
50%
What % of women report to the police about the sexual assault?
Only 10 to 15 percent of all sexual assaults will be reported to police and women who know their assailant are less likely to report the assault
What are the goals in taking the history in a sexual assault?
The history should focus upon precise details of the sexual assault for forensic purposes in the event of sexual assault prosecution and the assessment of pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease
Where are the common sites of genital trauma in women?
Common sites of genital injury include the posterior fourchette and the labia minora
What are some common sites of extragenital trauma in women?
Extragenital trauma may be more common than anogenital trauma (70.4 versus 26.8 percent) with bruises, abrasions, or erythema on the thigh, upper arm, face or neck particularly common
What are some common points to check for genital trauma in males?
Male victims, close attention should be paid to the penis and scrotum, evaluating for erythema, ecchymosis, excoriation, laceration, or suction marks
What are some initial therapies for the sexual assault victim?
Fractures, soft tissue injuries, and other traumatic injuries should be treated appropriately, as well asSTI’s and psychotheraphy
What do you used to treat patients who have been exposed to hepatitis B?
CDC recommends postexposure hepatitis B vaccination without hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) as adequate protection against hepatitis B
What is the risk of transmission of HIV with a HIV infected man?
Risk of HIV transmission from a single episode of consensual vaginal intercourse with an HIV infected man is estimated at 0.1 percent, and from a single episode of consensual anal intercourse at 2 percent. It’s higher in assault cuz there’s bleeding.
What should be described after potential HIV exposure?
Antiretroviral drugs are best started within four hours of assault, and should probably not be prescribed if more than 72 hours has passed
What should be offered to patients who at risk for a possible pregnancy?
Postcoital emergency contraception should be offered without regard to the menstrual cycle, given the uncertainty in the timing of ovulation.
Emergency contraception include: Levonorgestrel, Yuzpe regimen and the progestin antagonist/agonist Ulipristal.
What psycholgical therapies must be offered for assault victims?
Sexual assault victims require extensive emotional support and should be offered mental health services.
What are some long term complications for assault victims?
Posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and suicide attempt.
Misuse of prescription sedatives, stimulants, steroids, and analgesics.
For women with PTSD, anxiety related to pelvic examination and avoidance of cervical cancer screening.
Irregular menses, pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and urinary infections.
Decreased sexual satisfaction.
Increased risk for cervical cancer.
