MLSP:HEMATOLOGY Flashcards
Study of the formed (cellular) elements of the blood
HEMATOLOGY
- Cellular elements, red blood cells (RBCs)O,
white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets (Plts)
[can have further studying in the coagulation
section] are enumerated and classified in all
body fluids and in the bone marrow
Hematology Section
(t or f)
- The MLT or MLS can detect disorders such as
leukemia, anemia, other blood diseases, and
infection and monitor their treatment
true
• Most common body fluid analyzed in the
hematology section
• A mixture of cells and plasma
• Obtained by using a collection tube with an
anticoagulant to prevent clotting of the sample
[EDTA tube]
WHOLE BLOOD
• The body’s main fluid for transporting nutrients,
waste products, gases, and hormones through the
circulatory system
BLOOD
is analyzed in the form of whole blood, plasma,
or serum
blood
– liquidmportion of anticoagulated blood
- Contains the protein fibrinogen
plasma
liquid portion of clotted blood
serum
comprises approximately 55% of the total
blood volume; clear straw-colored fluid that is
about 91% water and 9% dissolved substances
Plasma
• Red blood cells
• Are anucleate biconcave disks that are
approximately 7.2 microns in diameter
• contain the protein hemoglobin to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
• Life span: 120 days
ERYTHROCYTES
- Donut-shaped wherein the outer portion of the
cell will be prominent in color and the middle
one will likely be stained or have less color
ERYTHROCYTES
• White blood cells
• Provide immunity to certain diseases by producing
antibodies and destroying harmful pathogens by phagocytosis
• Normal number: 4,500 to 11,000 per microliter of blood
LEUKOCYTES
determines the number of all WBC present in the blood
White blood cell count
determines the percentage of each type of leukocyte
Differential cell count
• The most numerous leukocytes
(40-60%)
• Provide protection against infection through
phagocytosis
• Called “segmented” or “polymorphonuclear cells”
- Nuclei of the neutrophils has 3-5 segments
• Increases in bacterial infection
NEUTROPHILS
• The second most numerous leukocytes (20-
40%)
• Provide the body with immune capability by means of B and T lymphocytes
- B-lymphocytes [antibodies]; T-lymphocytes [active search and destroy of antigens]
Lymphocytes
Largest circulating leukocytes
• Act as a powerful phagocytes to digest foreign
material
MONOCYTES
• 1-3%
• Red orange granules, and the nucleus has only two lobes [bilobes]
• Detoxify foreign proteins and increase in
allergies, skin infections, and parasitic infections
EOSINOPHILS
• 0-1%
• Least common of the
leukocytes
• The cytoplasm contains
large granules that stain
purple-black
• Release histamine in
the inflammation process
and heparin to prevent abnormal blood clotting
BASOPHILS
• Platelets
• Small, irregularly shaped disks formed from the cytoplasm of very large cells in the bone
marrow called the megakaryocytes
THROMBOCYTES
• The primary analysis performed in the hematology
section
• Very often it is ordered on a STAT basis
• Series of different tests
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC)
Sometimes a part of the hematology section, but in larger laboratories, it is a separate section
- Tests here is not as open as the hematology
section
COAGULATION SECTION
• Needed for the microscopic of blood cells that is performed for the differential blood cell count, for special staining procedures, and for nonautomated reticulocyte counts
• Should be collected before other samples to avoid platelet clumping
• Obtained by:
- Dermal puncture
- Venipuncture: EDTA (within 1 hour of collection)
Blood Smears
• Smooth film of blood,that covers,approximately one-half to two thirds of the slide
• Does not contain ridges or holes
• Has a lightly feathered,edge without streaks
[ends]
BLOOD SMEAR
