CHEM: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Flashcards
The term refers to what we might call a “balance of forces”
EQUILIBRIUM
- Balance of chemicals, forces, reactants, and
products involved
EQUILIBRIUM
(t or f)
Chemical equilibrium occurs when a reaction and its reverse reaction proceed at the same rate
- Hindi lagging forward reaction, pwede ring
backwards
true
(t or f)
Not always reactants to products, but it can also be products to reactants
- Where it will go depends on the different
forces, different factors affecting the
equilibrium
true
(t or f)
- Where your arrow is pointing at, that is your
product - Wherever your arrow is coming from, that is
your reactant
true
when there is no tendency for the quantities of reactants and products to change
chemical reaction is in equilibrium
(t or f)
The direction in which we write a chemical reaction is arbitrary
• Thus, the two equations represent the same
chemical reaction system In which the roles of the components are reversed and both yield the same mixture of components when the change is completed
true
means creating
synthesis
means decomposing (from compounds to elements)
dissociation
(t or f)
• As a system approaches equilibrium, both the
forward and reverse reactions are occurring
• At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions are proceeding at the same rate (kung mabilis si forward, dapat mabilis din magreverse; balanced)
true
( t or f)
Once equilibrium is achieved, the amount of each reactant and product remains constant
true
both the forward and
reverse reactions are being carried out; as a result, we write its equation with a double arrow
- Lagging double arrow ang equilibrium (balance)
system at equilibrium
Is the state in which the chemical activities or
concentrations of the reactants and products have no net change over time
• Usually, this would be the state that results when the forward chemical process proceeds at the same rate as their reverse reaction
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
The reaction rates of the forward and reverse
reactions are generally not zero but, being equal, there are no net changes in any of the reactant or product concentrations. This process is called____________
dynamic equilibrium
Stem from the research by ______________
Cato Guldberg and Peter Waage
(t or f) the 2 aspects of the Law of Mass Action
1. The equilibrium aspect, concerning the
composition of a reaction mixture at
equilibrium
2. The kinetic aspect concerning the rate
equations for elementary reactions
true
is a dynamic process in which
rates of reaction for the forward and backward
reactions must be equal
Chemical equilibrium
small letters are use to balance the equations [will be the superscript in your expression]
coefficients
liquid but have charges
Aqueous
formula of Chemical equilibrium
= products/reactants
Gas-phase reactions that use units of partial
pressure
Kp
Dissociation of water: dissociation constant of
water:
Kw
Dissociation of acids: acid dissociation constant:
Ka
Reaction fo bases with water: base dissociation
constant:
Kb
Solubility of precipitates: solubility product:
Ksp
the reaction is product-favored; product
predominates at equilibrium
- Mas Malaki yung product
K»_space; 1
the reaction is reactant-favored; reactant
predominates at equilibrium
- Mas Malaki ‘yung reactant
K «_space;1
(t or f)
Malalaman na initial amount sa mga key words
like “At first”
,
“Initially”
true
Is a quantitative measure of the extent of reaction, the relative proportion of products and reactants present in the reaction mixture at some instant of time
REACTION QUOTIENT (Q)
(t or f)
To calculate Q, one substitutes the initial
concentrations on reactants and products into the equilibrium expression
• Q gives the same ratio the equilibrium expression gives, but for a system that is not at equilibrium
true
• If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or the concentration of one of the components, the system will shift its equilibrium position so as to counteract the effect of the disturbance
LE CHATELIER’S PRINCIPLE
