Mixed 20 Flashcards
What is the presentation of Serotonin syndrome? What drugs can cause it?
> Autonomic instability: fever, HTN, tachycardia.
Altered mental status: agitation, confusion.
Neuromuscular hyperactivity: tremor, hyperreflexia, myoclonus.
MAOI, SSRI, SNRI, TCAs, Linezolid
What test would be abnormal first in liver disease?
Failure of prothrombin time (PT) to correct w/ Vit K supplementation indicates factor VII deficiency, often due to underlying liver disease. Factor VII has the shortest half-life, so PT is the first to become abnormal since the other vit K-dependent clotting factors are still present to generate normal aPTT after vit K supplement.
What is the MOA of Zidovudine?
Zidovudine competitively binds to reverse transcriptase and is incorporated into the viral genome as a thymidine analog. AZT doesn’t have a 3’-OH group, w/c is required for new nucleotides to be added to replicating DNA via 3’-5’ phosphodiester bind formation. DNA replication is terminated.
If a patient has uncomplicated diarrhea without sign of intestinal infection, what drug can you give?
Diphenoxylate and Loperamide are opioid anti-diarrheal drugs that bind to mu-receptors in the gut to slow motility. These should be given with Atropine, w/c induces side effects if the opioid is taken in high doses.
