Mixed 10

Question 1

How can reverse transcription PCR be used to diagnose CML?

Answer 1

RT-PCR is used to detect and quantify mRNA in a sample. Reverse transcriptase is used to make a complementary DNA strand from the mRNA, and the cDNA is then amplified. RT-PCR can identify mRNA transcribed from the BCR-ABL fusion gene of CML.

Question 2

What are the results of the water deprivation test in a patient w/ Primary (psychogenic) polydipsia?

Answer 2

Patients will initially have prompt inc. urine osmolality when H2O is withheld. With the admin of ADH, there’s no significant increase in urine osmolality due to the patient’s already maximal endogenous ADH effect at this stage.

Question 3

Why are patients who are pregnant or taking OCPs prone to gallstone formation?

Answer 3

> Estrogen: inc. HMG-CoA reductase activity – inc. cholesterol synthesis.
Progesterone: dec. bile acid secretion, slows gallbladder emptying.