Mixed 17 Flashcards
What are common causes of postpartum hemorrhage?
Uterine atony is the most common cause. Placenta accreta is another cause, and it can occur due to prior uterine surgery and subsequent abnormal decidualization.
A patient with early-onset coronary artery disease and a family history of early heart disease or stroke in close relatives (father, grandparent), may have what inherited disease?
Familal hypercholesterolemia is an AD disorder involving the LDL receptor gene, causing underexpression of the liver LDL receptor. These patients are more prone to accelerated atherosclerosis.
What does the arterial blood gas (pO2, pCO2, pH, HCO3) look like in aspirin poisoning?
Respiratory alkalosis occurs first, then anion gap metabolic acidosis around 12 hrs later due to presence of organic acids in the blood from the inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and citric acid cycle. The pt might have normal pH due to this mixed acidosis/alkalosis as the compensatory responses don’t correct pH completely.
How do tricyclic antidepressants cause arrhythmia? What’s the treatment?
TCAs can block fast Na channels, w/c may have deleterious effects on the cardiac conduction system, causing QT prolongation and dysrhythmias. Treatment is sodium bicarbonate, w/c inc. serum pH and extracellular Na.
What nerve innevates the latissimus dorsi, and what motions does this muscle perform?
> thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8).
extension, adduction, internal rotation of humerus.
can be injured in sports from forceful downward movement of humerus (throwing, climbing, swinging tennis racket overhead).
What is intestinal angina?
Postprandial epigastric pain that is often associated with food aversion and weight loss, and it’s not relieved by antacids. This may be seen in chronic mesenteric ischemia.
What enzyme is deficient in Gilbert syndrome?
Deficient UDP-glucuronyl transferase impairs bilirubin conjugation, leading to mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Episodes are usually provoked by a classic trigger.
