Mixed 12 Flashcards
By what mechanism does Viridans strep cause Subacute bacterial endocarditis?
Viridans strep can produce insoluble dextrans using sucrose as a substrate. This allows them to adhere to tooth enamel and fibrin-platelet aggregates on damaged heart valves. Dental manipulation may predispose pts w/ preexisting valve defects to develop subacute BE.
Substance withdrawal of what psychoactive drug may present w/ yawning and lacrimation?
> Yawning and lacrimation are specific for Opioid withdrawal.
>also dilated pupils, piloerection, hyperactive bowel sounds.
What is the name for a gastric tumor that has metastasized to the ovary?
> Krukenberg tumor.
>Gastric signet ring cell cancer is very infiltrative and spreads to ovaries via lymphatics or peritoneal seeding.
Why does SIADH present w/ clinically normal volume status (euvolemic hyponatremia)?
Excessive H2O retention causes dilutional hyponatremia and transient hypervolemia. The inc. ECF volume causes dec. aldosterone and inc. natriuretic peptides, leading to Na excretion. As a result, pts have clinically normal ECF volume and low plasma osmolality. Volume overload features aren’t seen.
