Microbiology Part 1 Flashcards
Phagocytic cells of the immune system
neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages
present antigen to T cells,
starts as Monocyte
macrophages
can inactivate pathogens
natural killer cells
3 main types of T cells
killer T, helper T and Regulatory T
triggers target to commit “suicide”
killer T cells
help in antigen recognition and regulation
helper T cells
keeps other T cells under control
regulatory T cells
target of antibody and T cells
antigen
where antibody binds on antigens
epitope
present antigen for T cells to see
Histocompatibility Complex Proteins
found on surface of most cells,
iinforms Killer T cells of whats goin on INSIDE cell
Class 1 HCP
made by antigen presenting cells (macrophages), informs helper T cells of problems OUTSIDE cells
class 2 HCP
plants the “kiss of death”
antibody (opsonization)
very fast system of 20 different proteins made by the liver consisting of 3 different pathways
Complement system
3 different pathways of the Complement System
classical (depends of antibodies)
Alternative (antibody independnt)
Lectin activation path
mannose binds lectin leading to the attraction of phagocytes
lectin activation pathway (complement system)
T cell mediated hypersensitivity
Type IV
caused by proteins from mold or plant spores
hay fever
caused by dust mites, cockroaches, rodents, and household pets
asthma
allergic reponse cells that degranulate
mast cells
self-reactive T cells,
myelin sheaths destroyed,
CNS
multiple sclerosis
Activated T cells can cross the BBB
multple sclerosis
90% women,
inflammation of lungs, arthritis, kidney damage, hair loss, paralysis and convulsions, caused by breakdown of B and T cells that make IgG antibodies
Lupus
Thymic tissue missing,
Bubble boy,
No T cells
DiGeorge syndrome
no T or B cells
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Pneumocystis carinii
AIDS
Sabin
live and attenuated virus
Salk
Kills virus
Generates memory helper T and B cells but not memory killer T cells
Noninfectious vaccines (salk)
vaccine with weakened form of microbe,
produce memory killer T cells
attenuated (most vaccines)
introduces a single gene from pathogenic microbe into virus,
called a Trojan horse,
doesn’t cause disease
carrier vaccine
active immunity
live (attenuated) or killed viruses
passive immunity
occurs naturally
