Chemistry Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

of carbons on a glucose molecule

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

kcal/g of carbs

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

% of calories recommended from carbs

A

50-55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

multiple hydroxyl groups

A

ketone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

increasing positive charges or decreasing neg charges

A

oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

addition of hydrogen, gain of electrons

A
reduction
OIL RIG (oxidation is losing, reduction is gaining)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sugar alcohol from glucose converted to fructose

A

sorbitol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

aka citric acid cycle

A

kreb’s aka tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

carb oxidation

A

kreb’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lowers blood glucose

A

insulin (box of donuts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

catabolic pathways (Big 4)

A

glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate oxidation, kreb’s

GOP POK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When are the big 4 accelerated?

A

when ATP is low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

5 carbon (pentose) sugar

A

Ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

glucose and glucose

A

maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

glucose and lactose

A

galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

glucose and fructose

17
Q

indigestible polysaccharide from plants

18
Q

animal starch

19
Q

less frequent, longer branches than glycogen

A

amylopectin

20
Q

highly branched carb

21
Q

only noncarb type of dietary fiber

A

lignin (woody part of plants)

22
Q

carbs digested in stomach

A

none, only mouth and SI

23
Q

carb digestion in GI tract

A

maltose in mouth, everything else in SI

24
Q

lipids kcal/g

25
bonds between glycerol and fatty acids
ester bonds
26
solid at room temp
saturated fatty acids
27
one carbon-carbon bond
monounsaturated fatty acid (polyunsaturated FAs have more than one)
28
Essential Fatty acids
Linoleic, Linolenic, and Arachidonic (ARA only when Lonolenic is absent)
29
3 FAs and glycerol
Triglycerides
30
2 FAs, glycerol and phosphate derivative
Phospholoipids (cell membranes)
31
used to make cell membranes, bile salts, and steroid hormones
cholesterol (sterol group)
32
Precursor molecules to cholesterol
MASH (Mevalonate, Acetyl CoA, Squalene, and HMG CoA)
33
Which is omega-3, Linoleic or Linolenic?
linolenic (linoleic is omega-6) linoleic has fewer letters and less to offer than omega-3 FA linolenic which has more letters)