Chemistry Part 1 Flashcards
of carbons on a glucose molecule
6
kcal/g of carbs
4
% of calories recommended from carbs
50-55%
multiple hydroxyl groups
ketone
increasing positive charges or decreasing neg charges
oxidation
addition of hydrogen, gain of electrons
reduction OIL RIG (oxidation is losing, reduction is gaining)
sugar alcohol from glucose converted to fructose
sorbitol
aka citric acid cycle
kreb’s aka tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)
carb oxidation
kreb’s
lowers blood glucose
insulin (box of donuts)
catabolic pathways (Big 4)
glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate oxidation, kreb’s
GOP POK
When are the big 4 accelerated?
when ATP is low
5 carbon (pentose) sugar
Ribose
glucose and glucose
maltose
glucose and lactose
galactose
glucose and fructose
sucrose
indigestible polysaccharide from plants
cellulose
animal starch
glycogen
less frequent, longer branches than glycogen
amylopectin
highly branched carb
glycogen
only noncarb type of dietary fiber
lignin (woody part of plants)
carbs digested in stomach
none, only mouth and SI
carb digestion in GI tract
maltose in mouth, everything else in SI
lipids kcal/g
9