Chemistry Part 2 Flashcards
transports dietary lipids to the body
chylomicrons
transports endogenous lipids from liver to body
VLDL
transports cholesterol from liver to body
LDL
Removes excess cholesterol from the blood, uses LCAT enzyme
HDL
breakdown of triglycerides using lipase
lipolysis
cuts FA chain, requires Carnitine, makes acetyl Coa, occurs in mitochondria
beta oxidation
increases in fasting, diabetes mellitus and pregnancy froming ketone bodies as a by-product of beta oxidation
ketogenesis
primary substrate for lipogenesis
acetyl CoA
most important intermediate for ketogenesis
malonyl CoA
transfers a phosphate
kinase
kreb’s location
mitochondria
ETC location
inner mitochondria
ketogenic amino acids
leucine and lysine
essential amino acids
PVT TIM HALL (phenylalanine, valine, tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, methionine, histidine, (arganine), leucine, lysine
semi-essential AAs
arginine and histidine
aromatic ring
tyrosine (also phenylalanine and tryptophan)
Basic AAs
histidine, arginine, and lysine
HAL is a basic kind of guy
neutral AAs
Serine, Threonine, Aspargine, Glutamine
STAG
AAs that are not glucogenic
leucine and lysine
Branch chain AAs
LIV (Leucine, Isoleucine, and Valine)
AA digestion
stomach and SI only
AAs lacking in grains
lysine, threonine, and tryptophan
3 AAs that donate nitrogen for purines and pyrimidines
glutamate, aspartate, and asparagine
6 AAs muscle can oxidize
GAL VIA
Glutamate, Aspartate, Leucine, Valine, Isoleucine, Asparagine
Glucose-Alanine Cycle aka
lactic acid cycle aka cori cycle
During Cori cycle, alanine is converted to? where?
ammonia and lactate; liver
During lactic acid cycle, ammonia become? lactate becomes?
ammonia=urea
lactate=glucose
Function of Urea cycle
rid body of ammonia
Important intermediates of Urea cycle
Fumarate, Arginine, Citrulline, Ornithine, Glutamate, Aspartate (FARCO, GA)
proteins kcal/g
4
bond between AAs
peptide
Beri Beri and Wernicke’s
B1 (thiamin) deficiency
FAD/FADH, cheilosis and magenta tongue
B2 (Riboflavin)
