Chemistry Part 3 Flashcards
4D disease associated with Niacin (B3) deficiency
pellagra (Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death)
burning feet, malaise
B5 (Pantothenic acid) deficiency
Transamination and decarboxylation;
only water-soluble vitamin that can be toxic
B6 (Pyridoxine)
Pyro=fire, fire=death
Macrocytic anemia
B9 (folic acid) OR B12 (Cyanocobalamin) deficiency
Pernicious anemia, demyelination
B12 (Cyancobalamin)
Carboxylation,
glossitis, dermatitis,
avidin in raw eggs prevents absorption
Biotin
Collagen synthesis
Vitamin C
Scurvy
Vit C deficiency
White part of fruits
bioflavenoids
Retionol,
Night blindness
Vit A
Rickets in kids
osteomalacia in adults
Vit D deficiency
absorbs calcium
Vit D
requires bile salts and fats for absorption
Vit E
Antioxidant with selenium,
interferes with enzymes in toxic doses
Vit E
Quinone,
Clotting,
makes pro-thrombin
Vit K
Inversely related to calcium
Phosphorus
Calcitonin
Thyroid
regulated by kidney,
deficiency leads to rickets, osteomalacia, and renal dysfunction
phosphorus
minerals regulated by aldosterone
sodium and potassium
functions in water balance,
deficiency secondary to vomiting
chlorine
cofactor for kinase,
component of bones,
poisoning in miners
magnesium
helps bind insulin to cell
glucose transport
chromium
constituent of B 12
deficiency seen in macrocytic (pernicous) anemia
Cobalt
Micromineral associated with Menke’s Syndrome
transported by albumin
melanin formation
copper
stored in throid
part of thyroxine
Iodine
cretinism in kids
Goiter, Myxedema in adults
Iodine deficiency
Transported as Transferrin
Stored as Ferritin
Iron
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
Iron def.
ligamentous healing
manganese
cofactor for glutathione peroxidase,
synergistic with vitamin E,
deficiency=cardiomyopathy
toxicity= hari/nail loss
selenium
toxicity=metal fume fever (neuro damage)
deficiency=impaired wound healing
source=pumpkin seeds
Zinc
excess=mottled teeth
deficiency=dental caries
Fluorine
cofactor for kinase found in most plants, needed for glucose breakdown
magnesium
