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HUBS191 > Meninges and Ventricular System > Flashcards

Meninges and Ventricular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the meninges?

A

A protective covering for the brain and spinal cord found between the cranium bone and the surface of the brain

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2
Q

How many layers of the meninges are there?

A

3

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3
Q

What are the 3 layers of the meninges?

A

Dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater

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4
Q

What is the dura mater?

A

The outer most layer of the meninges

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5
Q

How would the dura mater be described?

A

Dense and fibrous-tough

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6
Q

How many layers are there in the dura mater?

A

2- outer and inner

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7
Q

What is the space between the two dura mater layers?

A

The venous sinuses which are only found in some places

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8
Q

What does the inner layer of the dura mater form?

A

Dural olds

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9
Q

What is the dura mater important for?

A

If the cranium fractures and preventing bone shards from penetrating the brain

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10
Q

What are the dural folds formed from?

A

The inner layer of the dura mater

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11
Q

What do the dural folds do?

A

Separate the major divisions of the brain and provide stability of the brain within the cranium

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12
Q

What are the 3 dural folds?

A

Falx cerebri, falx cerebelli and tentorium cerebelli

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13
Q

What does the falx cerebri do?

A

Separate the cerebral hemispheres

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14
Q

What plane is the falx cerebri in?

A

The median plane

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15
Q

What does the falx cerebelli do?

A

Separate the cerebellar hemispheres

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16
Q

What plane is the falx cerebelli in?

A

The median plane

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17
Q

What does the tentorium cerebelli do?

A

Separate the cerebrum from the cerebelli

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18
Q

What plane is the tentorium cerebelli in?

A

The horizontal plane

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19
Q

Where is the venous sinus located?

A

Where the two layers of the dura mater separate?

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20
Q

What is the function of venous sinus?

A

To collect veins

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21
Q

What two things does the venous sinus collect?

A

Venous blood from the brain and ‘old’ CSF after it has cycled through the ventricular system

22
Q

What is the arachnoid mater?

A

The layer beneath the dura mater and above the Pia mater

23
Q

Why is the arachnoid mater named?

A

Because of its spider like appearance

24
Q

Does the arachnoid mater extend into sulci (valleys)?

A

No

25
Q

What are the two special features of the arachnoid mater?

A

Subarachnoid space and arachnoid granulations

26
Q

What is contained in the arachnoid mater?

A

Blood vessels which are within the subarachnoid space and lying onto of the Pia mater

27
Q

Where is the subarachnoid space?

A

Between the arachnoid and the Pia mater

28
Q

What is the subarachnoid space filled with?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid and contains blood vessels

29
Q

Where are then arachnoid granulations found?

A

Perforating the inner layer of the dura mater into the venous sinus

30
Q

What do the arachnoid granulations do?

A

Transport old cerebrospinal fluid which has lost its nutrients and is full of waste from the subarachnoid space into the venous sinus

31
Q

What is the Pia mater?

A

The inner layer of the meninges

32
Q

How is the Pia mater described?

A

Transparent and delicate

33
Q

What sits on top of the Pia mater?

A

Blood vessels in the arachnoid

34
Q

What does the Pia mater do?

A

Adhere to the brain and follows gyri and extends into sulci separating the smaller sections of the brain

35
Q

What is the ventricular system?

A

A network of interconnected spaces (ventricles) within the brain

36
Q

What is the ventricular system filled with?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid which nourishes and protects the brain

37
Q

What is the ventricles lined with?

A

Ependymal cells which circulate the CSF (moving cilia)

38
Q

What is the CSF produced by?

A

The choroid plexus in the ventricles

39
Q

Hoe many lateral ventricles are there?

A

2

40
Q

Where are the lateral ventricles?

A

One is found in each cerebral hemisphere

41
Q

Where is the third ventricle found?

A

In the diencephalon

42
Q

What does the cerebral aqueduct do?

A

Connect the third ventricle to the fourth

43
Q

Where is the cerebral aqueduct located?

A

In the midbrain

44
Q

Where is the fourth ventricle located?

A

At the level of the cerebellum

45
Q

What is found in the ventricular system?

A

Lateral ventricles (2), Third ventricle (1), cerebral aqueduct (1), fourth ventricle (1) and the central canal (spinal cord)

46
Q

Where is the CSF found?

A

Surrounding the CNS within the subarachnoid space

47
Q

What does the CSF do?

A

Provide support and cushion as well as transporting nutrients and waste

48
Q

Where does the path of CSF circulation start?

A

At the lateral ventricles

49
Q

What is the path of the CSF from the lateral ventricles?

A

3rd ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, 4th ventricle, subarachnoid space

50
Q

What does the CSF do within the subarachnoid space?

A

Flows around the brain and spinal cord in both directions

51
Q

Where does the CSF exit?

A

Through arachnoid granulations into the venous sinus

HUBS191 (29 decks)

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