Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neur > Mechanism of Learning/Memory > Flashcards

Mechanism of Learning/Memory Flashcards

1
Q

these are good for study because we can select random mutations and study effects on behavior

A

drosophila

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

these are good to be used because they are similar anatomy to humans and are used to study explicit memory

A

mice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

aplysia reflexive withdrawal of gill following stimulation of siphone

A

implicit memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

learning to ignore a repeated stimulus

A

habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

repeated stimulation of siphon results in reduction of epsp in interneuron and motor neuron, and reduced withdrawal of the gills lasting minutes

A

short term habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

continued stimulation of siphone results in habituation of gill reflex lasting weeks

A

long term habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

decrease in the number of synaptic contacts between sensory and motor neurons requires blank

A

protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

decreasing the number of synaptic contacts is called blank and is in long term habituation

A

pruning,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

repeated exposure to harmful stimulus causes heightened response/enhancement of reflex

A

sensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

in sensitization, a blank neuron stimulated by a tail shock releases blank onto presynaptic terminal

A

facilitator, serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

serotonin causes an increase in blank which activates blank

A

cAMP, PKA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

closing K channels too soon causes blank

A

prolonged depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

increase glutamate from sensory cell

A

heterosynaptic facilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

learning to associate one type of stimulus with another

A

classical conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

converting short term memory to long term

A

consolidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

consolidation involves changes in gene expression and blank

A

protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

high cAMP leads to prolonged activation of blank which activates blank transciption facotr which codes for blank

A

PKA, CREB, gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

short term memory storage has a change in the amount of nt release from blank, alter blank influx, and change in opening/closing of blank

A

presynaptic cell, calcium, K+ channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

long term memory storage changes the number of blank which leads to gene expression and blank which takes a while to occur

A

synapses, protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

gene products generated during long term storage can only be used where

A

at that specific synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

mutation of fruit flies that is a defective cAMP phosphodiesterase

A

dunce mutation

22
Q

mutation that is defective Ca dependent adenylate cyclase

A

rutabaga mutation

23
Q

cAMP pathway is very important for blank

A

learning/memory

24
Q

used for studies of implicit learned motor behavior, and can easily record from neural circuits

A

aplysia

25
Q

short term habituation is due to blank of synaptic vesicles

A

depletion

26
Q

long term habituation is due to blank

A

synaptic pruning

27
Q

sensitization in short term memory is due to cAMP, PKA signaling where blank increases

A

nt release

28
Q

long term sensitization is characterized by increased blank

A

number of synapses

29
Q

main explicit memory circuit

A

hippocampus

30
Q

donald hebb said that explicit learning occurs if a synapse is strengthened every time presynaptic and postsynaptic activity is blank

A

correlated

31
Q

long lasting increase in epsp amplitude

A

long term potentiation

32
Q

glutamate binding alone is insufficient to trigger opening of blank receptors due to blank block

A

nmda, mg

33
Q

large depolarization of postsynaptic cell membrane needed to expel Mg block via

A

electrostatic repulsion

34
Q

receptor is only functional when bound to glutamate and cell membrane is already depolarized

A

coincidence detection

35
Q

calcium influx via nmda receptors if vital for blank

A

long term potentiation

36
Q

depolarization is not large enough to expel Mg block so no ltp

A

normal synaptic transmission

37
Q

activation of multiple inputs generates depolarzation large enough to expel mg block so ltp occurs

A

cooperativitiy

38
Q

simultaneous strong and weak inputs and creates ltp for both synapses

A

associativity

39
Q

unstimulated synapse does not undergo ltp (this ensures memories are selective and only formed at active synapses)

A

synapse specificity

40
Q

phase of ltp that has insertion of ampa receptors and no stimulation of presynaptic cell

A

early

41
Q

phase of ltp that has activation of transcription factors, protein synthesis, and new connections

A

late

42
Q

nmda receptors are needed for ltp in blank and blank memory

A

hippocampus, spatial

43
Q

experiment that shows important of nmda receptors

A

morris water maze

44
Q

overexpression of nmda subunit can cause quicker blank in mammals

A

learning

45
Q

reduction in synaptic strength following prolonged low frequency stimulation

A

long term depression

46
Q

modest depolarization of postsynaptic cell is less effective at removing blank due to a low blank

A

mg block, ca influx

47
Q

presynaptic memory storage is due to synaptic vesicle blank or increased blank

A

depletion, nt release

48
Q

postsynaptic memory storage is due to insertion of blank and there is blank signaling to presynaptic cell

A

ampa receptors, no

49
Q

production of new neurons in hippocampus

A

neurgenesis

50
Q

increase neurogenesis increases blank

A

learning/memory

51
Q

hearing loss is associated with blank neurogenesis and cognitive decline

A

decreased

Neur (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions