Lab 9 - Motor Pathways/Reflexes

Question 0

umn axons remain in the blank and synapse directly or indirectly with blank

Answer 0

cns, lmn

Question 1

umn cell bodies are in the blank or blank

Answer 1

cortex, brainstem

Question 2

lmn cell bodies are in blank or blank

Answer 2

spinal cord, brainstem

Question 3

lmn axons leave CNS and synapse onto blank

Answer 3

muscle fiber

Question 4

umn originate in blank neurons of cortex or in brainstem

Answer 4

motor

Question 5

umn are not in the blank

Answer 5

spinal cord

Question 6

there are blank descending pathways in the cns

Answer 6

six

Question 7

cerebral white matter projections

Answer 7

corona radiata

Question 8

internal capsule is between the blank and blank

Answer 8

caudate, putamen

Question 9

three descending motor pathways

Answer 9

corticospinal tract, corticobulbar tract, bulbospinal

Question 10

bulbar means blank

Answer 10

brainstem

Question 11

tract for voluntary movements, skilled motor movements, complex behaviors of Lower body

Answer 11

corticospinal

Question 12

tract for voluntary movements, skilled motor movements, complex behaviors of head and face

Answer 12

corticobulbar

Question 13

four bulbospinal tracts

Answer 13

tectospinal, rubrospinal, vestibulospinal

Question 14

bulbspinal pathway for neck motor neurons

Answer 14

tectospinal

Question 15

bulbospinal tract for flexor motor neurons of distal arm

Answer 15

rubrospinal

Question 16

bulbospinal tract for neck and axial motor neurons

Answer 16

vestibulospinal

Question 17

bulbospinal pathway that excites axial and leg extensor motor neurons; inhibits spinal motor neurons

Answer 17

reticulospinal

Question 18

visual stimuli > optic nerve > s colliculi > neck motor neurons

Answer 18

tectospinal

Question 19

red nucleus > flexor motor neurons of distal arm

Answer 19

rubrospinal

Question 20

vestibular nuclei > neck and axial motor neurons

Answer 20

vestibulospinal

Question 21

reticular formation > excites axial and leg extensor motor neurons, inhibits spinal motor neurons

Answer 21

reticulospinal

Question 22

characterized by spastic paralysis/hypertonia (uncontrolled muscle spasms)

Answer 22

umn lesions

Question 23

umn’s are unable to exert control over lmn’s when blank

Answer 23

lesioned

Question 24

symptoms of spasticity

Answer 24

paresis

Question 25

paresis is blank if in spinal cord

Answer 25

ipsilateral

Question 26

paresis is blank if higher than spinal cord

Answer 26

contralateral

Question 27

two upper motor neuron signs

Answer 27

babinski, clonus

Question 28

a lower motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates

Answer 28

motor unit

Question 29

a muscle has blank motor unit(s)

Answer 29

multiple

Question 30

motor neurons that innervate extrafusal muscle fibers

Answer 30

alpha

Question 31

motor units that innervate intrafusal muscle fibers and regulate tension of spindles/body position

Answer 31

gamma

Question 32

sensory neurons that wrap around the bag fibers of the spindle and relay tension information back so interneurons and motor neurons (feedback)

Answer 32

1a

Question 33

lmn lesion causes paresis that is blank instead of hypertonia

Answer 33

flaccid (paralysis)

Question 34

lmn lesions are blank to injury

Answer 34

ipsilateral