Ch 12 - NT Release

Question 0

sodium influx and k efflux causes blank because when blocked, the cell can still be blank

Answer 0

no nt release, artificially depolarized

Question 1

nt release is caused by blank of presynaptic cell

Answer 1

depolarization

Question 2

elimination of blank from the extracellular solution blocks synaptic transmission

Answer 2

calcium

Question 3

graded depolarization of the presynaptic cell cause graded blank currents

Answer 3

inward Calcium

Question 4

synapse model that shows dependence of nt release in the auditory brainstem

Answer 4

calyx of held

Question 5

delay between pre and post synaptic action potential

Answer 5

1-2 ms (synaptic delay)

Question 6

calcium channels open up blank than na channels

Answer 6

slower

Question 7

once calcium influx occurs, nt release occurs blank

Answer 7

rapidly

Question 8

calcium sensor binds blank calcium ions to trigger release

Answer 8

5

Question 9

nt are released in discrete amounts called blank

Answer 9

quanta (synaptic vesicle)

Question 10

a blank potential creates a mini epsp

Answer 10

quantal

Question 11

a release of neurotransmitter is always a blank of quanta

Answer 11

multiple

Question 12

capacitance increases during blank of nt

Answer 12

exocytosis

Question 13

capacitance decreases during blank of nt

Answer 13

endocytosis

Question 14

two types of exocytosis

Answer 14

full, kiss and run

Question 15

these regulate the reserve pool of vesicles tethered to actin

Answer 15

synapsisns

Question 16

synapsisns are vesicular peripheral membrane blank

Answer 16

proteins

Question 17

synapsisns release from vesicle during blank, which mobilizes vesicle to be transferred from reserve pool to docking at blank

Answer 17

Calcium influx, active zone

Question 18

these proteins are for targeting of vesicles to active zone

Answer 18

rab proteins

Question 19

rab proteins are also blank membrane proteins

Answer 19

vesicular peripheral

Question 20

blank is required for vesicles to fuse with membrane

Answer 20

energy

Question 21

two snare proteins

Answer 21

vesicular snare, target membrane snare

Question 22

vsnare proteins are on the blank

Answer 22

vesicle

Question 23

tsnare proteins are on the blank

Answer 23

cell membrane

Question 24

vsnare example

Answer 24

synaptobrevin

Question 25

tsnare examples

Answer 25

syntaxin, snap-25

Question 26

vsnare and tsnare bind with blank which bring the cell membrane vesicles together

Answer 26

each other

Question 27

vesicular bound protein that binds 5 calcium ions

Answer 27

synaptotagmin

Question 28

calcium binding triggers interaction of the blank domains with blank

Answer 28

C2, phospholipid membrane

Question 29

most prevalent protein in vesicle

Answer 29

vsnare

Question 30

pumps H+ ions into vesicle

Answer 30

v-atpase

Question 31

H+ gradient export serves as driving force to import neurotransmitter

Answer 31

H+/Nt Antiport

Question 32

like the rope that pinches the vesicle off the membrane during endocytosis

Answer 32

dynamin

Question 33

modulation of synaptic effictiveness

Answer 33

synaptic plasticity

Question 34

blank or blank modulations can result in plasticity

Answer 34

presynaptic, postsynaptic

Question 35

repetitive train of stimuli presented to presynaptic cell

Answer 35

tetanic stimulation

Question 36

increases epsp amplitude following tetanic stimulation of presynaptic cell

Answer 36

potentiation

Question 37

decreased epsp amplitude following prolonged periods of high frequency stimulation

Answer 37

depression

Question 38

during potentiation, blank exceeds blank capacity

Answer 38

calcium influx, buffering

Question 39

residual calcium enhances blank release during potentiation

Answer 39

synaptic vesicle

Question 40

tiniest form of individual neuron memory

Answer 40

synaptic plasticity

Question 41

during depression, synaptic vesicles become blank at active zone

Answer 41

depleted

Question 42

synapses that regulate calcium influx into presynaptic terminal

Answer 42

axo axonic

Question 43

another protein for docking/fusion but isnt a snare

Answer 43

munc18

Question 44

calcium sensor protein involved in vesicle release

Answer 44

synaptotagmin

Question 45

synaptic plasticity potentiation and depression are blank cell mechanisms

Answer 45

presynaptic

Question 46

presynaptic inhibition in axo axonic synapses blank calcium influx

Answer 46

reduces

Question 47

presynaptic facilitation in axo axonic synapses blank calcium influx

Answer 47

enhance